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. 2016 Aug 29;41(2):467–472. doi: 10.1007/s12639-016-0830-1

Table 2.

In vitro ovicidal effects of different concentrations of the methanolic extract of P. harmala seeds on F. hepatica eggs after 24 and 48 h of exposure

Exposure time (h) Concentration Experiment Examined eggs Dead eggs Developing eggs Eggs containing live miracidia Miracidial formation (%)
24 1 mg/mL 1 652 271 362 19 2.9
2 1637 486 1128 23 1.4
3 2170 725 1264 181 8.3
Total 4459 1482 2754 223 5
3 mg/mL 1 898 554 297 47 5.2
2 995 623 342 30 3
3 1872 1458 409 5 1.9
Total 3765 2635 1048 82 2.2
48 1 mg/mL 1 741 539 192 10 1.3
2 841 599 242 0 0
3 700 542 157 1 0
Total 2282 1680 591 11 0.5
3 mg/mL 1 1753 1541 212 0 0
2 1090 962 128 0 0
3 481 445 36 0 0
Total 3324 2948 376 0 0
Control 1 842 146 236 460 54.6
2 555 70 145 340 61.3
3 1490 368 187 935 62.8
Total 2887 584 568 1735 60