Supplementary Table 5.
Multinomial logistic regression analysis of independent risk factors for developing of hospital-acquired and persistent dysnatremia.
| Variable | HA-hyponatremia | HA-hypernatremia | Persistent hyponatremia | Persistent hypernatremia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR(95%CI) | P | OR(95%CI) | P | OR(95%CI) | P | OR(95%CI) | P | |
| Age, per year increase | 1.008 (1.006–1.010) | 0.000 | 1.019 (1.013–1.024) | 0.000 | 1.004 (1.002–1.006) | 0.001 | ||
| Male sex | 1.182 (1.117–1.252) | 0.000 | 0.692 (0.596–0.804) | 0.000 | 1.258 (1.164–1.360) | 0.000 | 1.274 (1.023–1.586) | 0.030 |
| BMI <18.5 kg/m2§ | 1.811 (1.396–2.350) | 0.000 | ||||||
| BMI 25–27.99 kg/m2§ | 1.297 (1.102–1.527) | 0.002 | ||||||
| BMI 28–32 kg/m2§ | 1.269 (0.959–1.680) | 0.096 | ||||||
| Cancer | 8.344 (7.640–9.113) | 0.000 | 2.768 (2.173–3.525) | 0.000 | ||||
| Pulmonary | 1.449 (1.249–1.681) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Cardiovascular | 1.279 (1.145–1.428) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Cardiothoracic surgery | 13.330 (12.125–14.654) | 0.000 | 10.989 (9.009–13.403) | 0.000 | 1.416 (1.270–1.580) | 0.000 | ||
| Digestive | 1.651 (1.432–1.903) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Endocrine | 2.187 (1.465–3.263) | 0.000 | ||||||
| General surgery | 4.042 (3.670–4.452) | 0.000 | 1.843 (1.429–2.376) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hematological | 1.532 (1.280–1.834) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Neurological | 2.575 (2.185–3.035) | 0.000 | 6.007 (4.586–7.868) | 0.000 | ||||
| Gynecology | 3.084 (2.565–3.708) | 0.000 | 1.741 (1.330–2.279) | 0.000 | ||||
| Orthopedic surgery | 1.360 (1.128–1.640) | 0.001 | ||||||
| SBP>140 mmHg | 1.359 (1.111–1.661) | 0.003 | ||||||
| DBP <60 mmHg§ | 1.546 (1.304–1.834) | 0.000 | 2.330 (1.657–3.276) | 0.000 | ||||
| Glucose 5.7–10 mmol/L§ | 1.133 (1.071–1.198) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Glucose >10 mmol/L§ | 1.319 (1.163–1.496) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Hypokalemia | 2.169 (1.769–2.659) | 0.000 | ||||||
| Hypochloremia§ | 2.064 (1.874–2.273) | 0.000 | 1.420 (1.308–1.540) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hyperchloremia | 1.868 (1.234–2.826) | 0.003 | ||||||
| Hypocalcemia | 1.460 (1.344–1.586) | 0.000 | 1.650 (1.347–2.021) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hypomagnesemia | 1.917 (1.492–2.464) | 0.000 | 1.929 (1.107–3.362) | 0.020 | 1.579 (1.124–2.217) | 0.008 | ||
| Hypermagnesemia | 1.504 (1.174–1.928) | 0.001 | ||||||
| Hypophosphatemia | 1.142 (1.052–1.240) | 0.002 | 1.818 (1.484–2.228) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hyperphosphatemia | 1.242 (1.137–1.357) | 0.000 | ||||||
| CO2CP <23 mmol/L§ | 1.230 (1.155–1.310) | 0.000 | ||||||
| AG >16 mmol/L§ | 1.293 (1.199–1.394) | 0.000 | 1.558 (1.298–1.870) | 0.000 | 1.370 (1.069–1.755) | 0.013 | ||
| ALT, per 50 U/L increase | 1.015 (1.001–1.030) | 0.041 | ||||||
| TBIL, per 20 μmol/L increase | 1.087 (1.066–1.108) | 0.000 | 1.102 (1.059–1.147) | 0.000 | 1.031 (1.013–1.050) | 0.001 | ||
| Albumin, per 5g/L decrease | 1.275 (1.234–1.318) | 0.000 | 1.458 (1.347–1.578) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hemoglobin (90–119 g/L)§ | 1.161 (1.090–1.237) | 0.000 | 1.179 (1.087–1.280) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hemoglobin (60–89 g/L)§ | 1.471 (1.307–1.656) | 0.000 | 1.277 (1.119–1.457) | 0.000 | ||||
| Hemoglobin (<60 g/L)§ | 1.713 (1.303–2.252) | 0.000 | 1.233 (0.929–1.638) | 0.147 | ||||
| WBC <4.0×109/L§ | 1.142 (1.025–1.273) | 0.016 | ||||||
| WBC >12.0×109/L§ | 1.556 (1.378–1.758) | 0.000 | 2.322 (1.805–2.987) | 0.000 | ||||
| BUN, per 10 mg/dl increase | 1.107 (1.066–1.149) | 0.000 | 1.238 (1.149–1.334) | 0.000 | ||||
| SCr, per 0.5 mg/dl increase | 0.958 (0.926–0.990) | 0.011 | ||||||
| Hypouricemia§ | 1.084 (1.003–1.170) | 0.041 | ||||||
| Hyperuricemia§ | 1.135 (1.046–1.231) | 0.002 | 1.481 (1.212–1.810) | 0.000 | 1.132 (1.012–1.267) | 0.031 | ||
Normonatremia served as the reference for HA-dysnatremia and improved dysnatremia as the reference for corresponding persistent dysnatremia. For underlying diseases, the rest of the other patients served as the references.
§
Normal range as the reference.
BMI – body mass index; SBP – systolic blood pressure; DBP – diastolic blood pressure; CO2CP – carbon dioxide combining power; AG – anion gap; ALT – alanine aminotransferase; TBIL – total bilirubin; WBC – white blood cell; BUN – blood urea nitrogen; SCr – serum creatinine; OR – odds ratio; CI – confidence interval.