Figure 1.

A, Distribution of respiratory symptoms among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–negative controls in the Pneumonia Etiology Research for Child Health (PERCH) Study. *Observed or reported. Clinical history recorded information on presence/absence of runny nose, cough, fever, ear discharge, difficulty breathing, wheeze, and sore throat as reported by guardian or study staff; clinical examination included assessment of cough, respiratory rate, and temperature by trained examiner. Tachypnea was defined as a respiratory rate ≥60 breaths per minute on clinical examination for children 1–2 months of age, ≥50 for children 2–11 months, and ≥40 for children 12–59 months. Fever on clinical examination was defined as temperature ≥38°C. B, Number of symptoms present among 1683 HIV-negative controls with any respiratory symptom. Respiratory symptoms (observed or reported) include runny nose, cough, tachypnea, fever, ear discharge, difficulty breathing, wheeze, and sore throat.