Table 1.
Conventional pre-treatment cell disruption methods and extraction methods for precipitating proteins from seaweed. Dry weight; dw.
| Extraction Method | Species | Extraction Name | Reagents | Protein Yield | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Enzymatic hydrolysis | Palmaria palmata | Polysaccharidase degradation | Cellulase (Cellucast®) and xylanase (Shearzyme®) | Factor 3.3 compared to control | [46] |
| Chondrus crispus, Gracilaria verrucosa, and Palmaria palmata | Polysaccharidase degradation | κ-carrageenase, β-agarase, xylanase, cellulase | - | [74] | |
| Palmaria palmata | Polysaccharidase degradation | Cellulase (Cellucast®), xylanase (Shearzyme®) and Ultraflo® (β-glucanase) | 11.57 ± 0.08 g/100 g dw (67% yield) | [73] | |
| Physical Process | Porphyra acanthophora var. acanthophora, Sargassum vulgare and Ulva fasciata | Aqueous treatment and Potter homogenisation | Ultra-pure water | 8.9 g/100 g dw, 6.9 g /100 g dw, 7.3 g /100 g dw |
[68] |
| Palmaria palmata | Osmotic stress | - | 6.77 ± 0.22 g/100 g dw (39% yield) | [73] | |
| High shear force | - | 6.92 ± 0.12 g/100 g dw (40% yield) | |||
| Chemical extraction | Ascophyylum nodosum | Acid-alkaline treatment | 0.4 M HCl and 0.4 M NaOH | 59.76% yield | [69] |
| Ulva rigida | Two-phase system | NaOH and 2-mercaptoethanol | - | [70] | |
| Ulva rotunda | |||||
| Laminaria digitata | Two-phase system | Polyethylene glycol (PEG) and potassium carbonate | - | [71] | |
| Palmaria palmata | Alkaline and aqueous | NaOH and N-acetyl- l-cysteine (NAC) | 4.16 g/100 g dw (24% yield) | [73] |