. 2017 May 16;108(5):1065–1070. doi: 10.1111/cas.13217

Table 3.

Associations between meat consumption and colorectal cancer incidence among women

	Median intake (g)	No. of subjects	Person years	Colorectal cancer			Colon cancer			Rectal cancer
	Median intake (g)	No. of subjects	Person years	No. of cases	RR^†	95% CI	No. of cases	RR^†	95% CI	No. of cases	RR^†	95% CI
Total meat^‡
Q1	26	4094	56 142	97	1.00	Reference	73	1.00	Reference	24	1.00	Reference
Q2	48	4093	55 387	101	1.12	0.84–1.49	72	1.04	0.74–1.45	29	1.35	0.78–2.34
Q3	64	4094	56 520	75	0.94	0.69–1.29	54	0.88	0.61–1.28	21	1.13	0.61–2.07
Q4	93	4093	58 632	70	1.01	0.74–1.40	45	0.88	0.60–1.30	25	1.43	0.80–2.56
Trend P					0.48			0.33			0.80
Red meat^‡
Q1	12	4094	55 685	98	1.00	Reference	68	1.00	Reference	30	1.00	Reference
Q2	23	4093	55 271	97	1.07	0.80–1.42	77	1.21	0.86–1.69	20	0.75	0.42–1.33
Q3	32	4094	57 089	69	0.86	0.62–1.18	42	0.75	0.50–1.12	27	1.10	0.64–1.89
Q4	49	4093	58 636	79	1.07	0.79–1.46	57	1.13	0.79–1.64	22	0.95	0.54–1.68
Trend P					0.98			0.99			0.97
Processed meat^‡
Q1	3	4094	56 692	100	1.00	Reference	74	1.00	Reference	26	1.00	Reference
Q2	8	4093	56 261	88	0.96	0.71–1.28	61	0.88	0.62–1.25	27	1.17	0.68–2.03
Q3	11	4094	55 763	81	0.98	0.72–1.34	63	1.00	0.70–1.44	18	0.90	0.48–1.69
Q4	19	4093	57 965	74	1.12	0.82–1.55	46	0.95	0.64–1.40	28	1.62	0.92–2.84
Trend P					0.95			0.25			0.10
Excluding cases within 2 years
Total meat^‡
Q1	26	4087	56 176	87	1.00	Reference	66	1.00	Reference	21	1.00	Reference
Q2	48	4087	55 452	89	1.09	0.80–1.47	61	0.97	0.68–1.39	28	1.46	0.82–2.59
Q3	64	4087	56 479	71	0.97	0.70–1.35	51	0.91	0.62–1.33	20	1.19	0.63–2.25
Q4	93	4086	58 540	69	1.09	0.78–1.51	44	0.93	0.62–1.38	25	1.59	0.87–2.91
Trend P					0.73			0.46			0.60
Red meat^‡
Q1	12	4087	55 707	89	1.00	Reference	62	1.00	Reference	27	1.00	Reference
Q2	23	4087	55 326	86	1.03	0.76–1.39	66	1.13	0.79–1.61	20	0.81	0.45–1.46
Q3	32	4087	57 044	65	0.87	0.62–1.21	40	0.77	0.51–1.16	25	1.10	0.62–1.93
Q4	49	4086	58 569	76	1.10	0.80–1.51	54	1.14	0.78–1.67	22	1.02	0.57–1.84
Trend P					0.83			0.90			0.79
Processed meat^‡
Q1	3	4087	56 698	92	1.00	Reference	68	1.00	Reference	24	1.00	Reference
Q2	8	4087	56 310	78	0.91	0.67–1.25	54	0.85	0.59–1.23	24	1.10	0.62–1.96
Q3	11	4087	55 750	74	0.95	0.69–1.32	56	0.96	0.65–1.40	18	0.94	0.50–1.79
Q4	19	4086	57 888	72	1.15	0.83–1.60	44	0.96	0.64–1.44	28	1.70	0.95–3.03
Trend P					0.85			0.31			0.062

†Estimated hazard ratio after adjustments for age, height (quartiles), body mass index (quartiles), physical activity score, smoking status (never, past, current smoker), education years (≤8, 9–11, 12–14, ≥15 years), history of aspirin use (yes, no), alcohol consumption (g/day), menopausal status (premenopausal, postmenopausal), the intakes (quartiles) of total fiber, calcium, and vitamin D. ‡Meat consumption was adjusted for total energy intake by Willet method.