Table 4. HRs for OA development in ACL-injured patients with and without reconstruction.
| Variables | No. of subjects | No. of casesd | Incidence rate (/1000/year) |
HRe | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude (95% CI) | Adjusted (95% CI) | ||||
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 4969 | 941 | 29.63 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 3800 | 1204 | 53.84 | 1.77 (1.63–1.93) | 1.46 (1.33–1.59) |
| Age at ACL injury | |||||
| < 25 years | 2166 | 214 | 13.58 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 25–50 years | 4351 | 855 | 30.87 | 2.19 (1.88–2.54) | 2.25 (1.93–2.62) |
| ≥ 50 years | 2252 | 1076 | 100.87 | 6.58 (5.68–7.62) | 6.81 (5.84–7.93) |
| Obesity | |||||
| No | 8476 | 2057 | 39.25 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Yes | 293 | 88 | 51.42 | 1.28 (1.04–1.59) | 1.30 (1.05–1.61) |
| Meniscus tear | |||||
| Never | 7269 | 1746 | 38.86 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| With surgerya | 738 | 199 | 42.91 | 1.12 (0.96–1.29) | 1.02 (0.85–1.24) |
| Without surgery | 762 | 200 | 43.96 | 1.12 (0.97–1.30) | 1.20 (1.02–1.39) |
| Knee arthroscopyb | |||||
| Never | 7319 | 1688 | 37.52 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ever | 1450 | 457 | 50.04 | 1.36 (1.22–1.51) | 1.78 (1.56–2.03) |
| ACLRc time from ACL injury | |||||
| Without ACLR | 7395 | 1874 | 41.74 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| < 1 month | 779 | 135 | 25.07 | 0.63 (0.53–0.75) | 0.83 (0.69–0.99) |
| 1 month– 1 year | 410 | 90 | 38.97 | 0.90 (0.73–1.12) | 1.21 (0.97–1.52) |
| 1 year– 3 years | 103 | 19 | 23.38 | 0.61 (0.39–0.95) | 1.07 (0.67–1.69) |
| ≥ 3 years | 82 | 27 | 38.00 | 1.02 (0.70–1.49) | 1.43 (0.97–2.12) |
a The surgery included meniscus repair, meniscectomy, and other ACL-associated surgeries.
b Other arthroscopic surgeries, not including meniscus- or ACL-associated arthroscopic surgery.
c ACLR: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
d These cases involve osteoarthritis (OA) patients.
e HRs: Hazard ratios (95% CI) were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model.