Fig 1. Effect of oral antibiotic treatment on the gene expression of the mosquito midgut.

(A) Bacterial load in the guts of 4 control and 4 antibiotic treated mosquito cohorts throughout a two blood meal (BM1 and BM2) time course assessed by qRT-PCR using universal 16S primers. Data were normalized within each biological replicate to the bacterial load in the control 96h sample. The mean plus/minus the standard error is shown. (B) Principal components analysis (PCA) plot of the 40 sequenced midgut samples after variance stabilizing transformation of count data. (C) Number of genes that were significantly upregulated (white bars) or downregulated (black bars) in each of the time points following antibiotic treatment. Genes showing an adjusted p-value <0.1 (Wald test with a Benjamini-Hochberg correction) were considered to be significantly regulated.