Table 2.
Comparison of CSF and blood cytokine measurements in 6 pediatric NOMID patients on anakinra and subsequent canakinumab treatment
| Measure | anakinra | canakinumab | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| CSF IL-6 (pg/ml)+ | |||
| median | 28.5 | 150.7 | 0.004 |
| interquartile range | 14.4–62.7 | 84.3–275.5 | |
| Blood IL-6 (pg/ml)$ # | |||
| median | 3.0 | 2.8 | 0.17 |
| interquartile range | 2.7–5.0 | 2.13–3.0 | |
| CSF IP-10/CXCL10 (pg/ml)+ | |||
| median | 2148.1 | 3119.0 | 0.037 |
| interquartile range | 1904.3–2440.7 | 2458.0–3655.0 | |
| Blood IP-10/CXCL10 (pg/ml)$ # | |||
| median | 906.3 | 1245.1 | 0.82 |
| interquartile range | 878.7–1071.4 | 732.8–1385.7 | |
| CSF IL-18 (pg/ml)+ | |||
| median | 1.3 | 3.4 | 0.028 |
| interquartile range | 0.83–2.3 | 3.2–4.3 | |
| Blood IL-18 (pg/ml)$ # | |||
| median | 179.7 | 145.5 | 0.10 |
| interquartile range | 158.2–332.6 | 131.1–301.6 | |
| CSF WBC (cells/mm3)+‡ | |||
| median | 3.7 | 10.2 | 0.027 |
| interquartile range | 1.6–6.0 | 3.6 –23.9 | |
| CSF protein (mg/dl)+ ¥ | |||
| median | 39.0 | 44.3 | 0.42 |
| interquartile range | 33.7–47.3 | 38.3–46.3 | |
| CSF albumin quotient+ ¥ | |||
| median | 4.4 | 5.2 | 0.89 |
| interquartile range | 3.1–7.0 | 4.0–5.5 | |
Due to small sample size, raw values were transformed into LOGS to be closely normally distributed and analyzed by paired Student t-test. Values reported above are back- transformed medians and 25– 75 quartile ranges.
For each patient CSF measurement, the mean anakinra and mean canakinumab were obtained by taking the average of last 3 anakinra values (prior to canakinumab) and average of the last 3 canakinumab values on steady state. Averages were not calculated for one patient who had one value for both anakinra and canakinumab on steady state, and another patient who had one value on canakinumab on steady state,.
For each patient blood measurement, the mean anakinra and mean canakinumab values were obtained by taking the average of the last 3 anakinra values (prior to canakinumab) and average of the last 2 canakinumab values on steady state. Averages were not calculated for 2 patients who had only one value on canakinumab on steady state.
Blood comparisons were done on 5 patients because one blood sample on canakinumab was not available for one patient
For only CSF WBC due to value of zero, raw values were transformed into ARCSINH.
CSF protein and albumin quotient analyses were performed on 5 patients, CSF protein and albumin quotient were not was not recorded for one patient each on canakinumab on steady state.