Table 3. Metabolic parameters according to the frequency of instant noodle consumption¹⁾.

WC, waist circumference; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FBS, fasting blood glucose; TG, triglycerides; MS, metabolic syndrome.

¹⁾Data are presented as mean ± SD.

²⁾Adjusted P-value from the general linear model after controlling for age, BMI, gender, family income (< 2000 US $/mo, 2000–4000 US $/mo, > 4000 US $/mo), alcohol consumption (non-drinker, moderate drinker, heavy drinker), smoking behavior (non-smoker, ex-smoker, current smoker), physical activity (low, moderate, high), and consumption frequency of fruits, vegetables, milk and dairy products, high-fat fish, high-fat and processed meats, sweets and confectionery, carbonated beverages (≤ 1 time/month, 2–3 times/month, 1–2 times/week, ≥ 3 times/week).