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. 2017 May 30;7:2527. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02556-9

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Validation of microarray data using qRT-PCR. Microarray results of twenty representative genes are confirmed by qRT-PCR. Expression of each gene in the A. thaliana exposed to a 1000 Hz sound vibration (gray) was compared with that of control plants (black). AtGAPDH was used for normalization. Bars represent mean and standard error of three biological replications. The time (0, 12, 24 and 48 h) indicates h post inoculation (hpi). Details of genes and their fold changes in microarray experiment are available in Table 1. P-value ranges are marked by asterisks: ^*** P < 0.01, ^** 0.01 < P < 0.05, ^* P < 0.1.