Table 1.
Characteristics of children and their mothers by gestational drug use. Values are numbers (percentages) unless stated otherwise
| Characteristics | Antidepressants (n=1024) | Antipsychotics (n=364) | Antidepressants and antipsychotics (n=228) | No antidepressants or antipsychotics (n=189 002) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Children | ||||
| Mean (SD) follow-up time (patient years) | 8.9 (2.2) | 9.5 (2.4) | 8.9 (2.2) | 9.3 (2.2) |
| Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 58 (5.7) | 21 (5.8) | 16 (7.0) | 5564 (2.9) |
| Boy | 552 (53.9) | 192 (52.8) | 122 (53.5) | 98 316 (52.0) |
| Spontaneous vaginal delivery | 670 (65.4) | 233 (64.0) | 136 (59.7) | 123 834 (65.5) |
| Multiple pregnancy | 22 (2.1) | 4 (1.1) | 4 (1.8) | 5466 (2.9) |
| Birth trauma | 4 (0.4) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 862 (0.5) |
| Timing of Apgar score <7: | ||||
| 1 minute | 44 (4.3) | 22 (6.0) | 22 (9.6) | 6983 (3.7) |
| 5 minutes | 3 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | 3 (1.3) | 591 (0.3) |
| Birth weight (g): | ||||
| <1500 | 13 (1.3) | 7 (1.9) | 4 (1.8) | 2213 (1.2) |
| 1500-2499 | 92 (9.0) | 28 (7.7) | 26 (11.4) | 14 291 (7.6) |
| ≥2500 | 919 (89.7) | 329 (90.4) | 198 (86.8) | 172 498 (91.3) |
| Gestation weeks: | ||||
| <33 | 17 (1.7) | 12 (3.3) | 5 (2.2) | 3502 (1.9) |
| 33-36 | 95 (9.3) | 32 (8.8) | 29 (12.7) | 12 753 (6.8) |
| >36 | 912 (89.1) | 320 (87.9) | 194 (85.1) | 172 747 (91.3) |
| Mothers | ||||
| Mean (SD) maternal age at delivery (years) | 32.3 (5.53) | 31.7 (5.60) | 32.3 (6.05) | 31.2 (5.10) |
| Maternal underlying conditions: | ||||
| Epilepsy | 6 (0.6) | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.4) | 299 (0.16) |
| Diabetes mellitus before pregnancy | 9 (0.9) | 2 (0.6) | 3 (1.3) | 444 (0.2) |
| Gestational diabetes mellitus | 45 (4.4) | 26 (7.1) | 16 (7.0) | 5112 (2.7) |
| Hypertension | 43 (4.2) | 17 (4.7) | 10 (4.4) | 6393 (3.4) |
| Psychiatric illness | 713 (69.6) | 308 (84.6) | 185 (81.1) | 2978 (1.6) |
| Use of psychiatric drugs prepregnancy: | ||||
| Antidepressants | 612 (59.8) | 56 (15.4) | 177 (77.6) | 1430 (0.8) |
| Antipsychotics | 95 (9.3) | 287 (78.9) | 161 (70.6) | 445 (0.2) |
| Parity: | ||||
| 0 | 328 (32.0) | 183 (50.3) | 92 (40.4) | 97 599 (51.6) |
| 1 | 425 (41.5) | 102 (28.0) | 76 (33.3) | 70 962 (37.6) |
| 2 | 182 (17.8) | 51 (14.0) | 43 (18.9) | 16 023 (8.5) |
| ≥3 | 89 (8.7) | 28 (7.7) | 17 (7.5) | 4418 (2.3) |
| Median household income (HK$) | ||||
| <19 300 | 199 (19.4) | 93 (25.6) | 39 (17.1) | 37 828 (20.0) |
| 19 300-21 999 | 376 (36.7) | 117 (32.1) | 85 (37.3) | 54 675 (28.9) |
| 22 000-25 999 | 226 (22.1) | 88 (24.2) | 56 (24.6) | 46 018 (24.4) |
| ≥26 000 | 223 (21.8) | 66 (18.1) | 48 (21.1) | 50 481 (26.7) |
HK$1 (£0.10; $0.13; €0.12).