Table 3.
Comparison of clinical data for pneumonia-related characteristics in HAP patients with XDRAB and non-XDRAB
| XDRAB (N = 21) N (%) |
Non-XDRAB (N = 42) N (%) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, ya | 77.5 ± 11.6 | 68.6 ± 18.4 | 0.023 |
| Gender (M/F), n | 17/4 | 23/19 | 0.079 |
| APACHE II scorea | 21.9 ± 6.8 | 18.0 ± 4.9 | 0.011 |
| Related to hospitalizationa | 18 (85.7) | 30 (71.4) | 0.347 |
| Days of mechanical ventilation before XDRAB (days) | 10.5 ± 11.6 | 5.2 ± 5.8 | 0.059 |
| Hospital days before XDRAB (days) | 18.3 ± 11.3 | 12.6 ± 11.2 | 0.064 |
| Length of stay in the ICU (days) | 30.1 ± 20.0 | 21.4 ± 21.7 | 0.127 |
| Length of stay in the hospital (days) | 45.5 ± 28.8 | 38.5 ± 24.2 | 0.199 |
| Associated disease, n (%) | |||
| COPD | 13 (61.9) | 9 (21.4) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 2 (9.5) | 10 (40.4) | 0.307 |
| Malignancy | 2 (9.5) | 9 (21.4) | 0.411 |
| Cardiac disease | 13 (61.9) | 6 (14.2) | 0.000 |
| Renal disease | 5 (23.8) | 2 (4.7) | 0.065 |
| Neurological disease | 8 (38.0) | 22 (52.3) | 0.422 |
| Device, n (%) | |||
| Urinary catheter | 21 (100.0) | 36 (85.7) | 0.172 |
| Nasogastric tube | 21 (100.0) | 36 (85.7) | 0.172 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 16 (76.1) | 31 (73.8) | 1.000 |
| Drug usage, n (%) | |||
| Glucocorticoids | 10 (47.6) | 18 (42.8) | 0.720 |
| PPIs | 14 (66.7) | 32 (76.1) | 0.422 |
| Antimicrobial n (%) | |||
| Cephalosporin | |||
| Second generation | 3 (14.2) | 5 (11.9) | 1.000 |
| Third generation | 7 (33.3) | 18 (42.8) | 0.649 |
| β-lactamase inhibitor | 20 (95.2) | 31 (73.8) | 0.089 |
| Quinolone | 13 (61.9) | 19 (45.2) | 0.327 |
| Aminoglycoside | 2 (9.5) | 4 (9.5) | 1.000 |
| Carbapenem | 11 (52.3) | 11 (26.1) | 0.040 |
| Antimicrobial Combination therapy, n (%) | 11 (52.3) | 19 (45.2) | 0.593 |
| Mortality, n (%) | 9 (42.8) | 15 (35.7) | 0.582 |
aValues are presented as the mean ± standard deviation; malignancy includes haematological malignancies and solid tumours; cardiac disease includes coronary artery disease, hypertensive heart disease, valvular disease and cardiomyopathy; renal disease includes chronic renal failure; neurological disease includes cerebral haemorrhage and cerebral infarction; PPIs proton pump inhibitor drugs