Table 1.

Overexpression of APOBEC3B in cancers

Cancer type	Discovery	Model	References
Breast cancer	Expression of APOBEC3B is increased in breast tumors and cell lines. Breast TCGA tumors have a more prevalent APOBEC3B mutation than is expected	Human tissue samples. In vitro, human cell lines	[8, 48, 64]
	HER2-enriched subtype of breast cancer has a significantly higher frequency of mutations associated with APOBEC3B than other breast cancer subtypes	TCGA	[60]
	APOBEC3B leads to drug resistance in breast cancer and APOBEC3B-dependent tumor evolvability may serve as a effective target to improve efficacies of anti-cancer therapies	Human tissue samples	[62, 65]
	APOBEC3B depletion in an ER+ breast cancer cell line results in prolonged tamoxifen response	Xenograft model	[66]
Gastric cancer	APOBEC3B expression was higher in gastric cancer tissues than that in normal tissues and APOBEC3B overexpression indicates the unfavorable prognosis of the patients with gastric cancer	Human tissue samples	[8, 62, 67]
Chondrosarcoma	APOBEC3B was overexpressed in chondrosarcoma tissues, and APOBEC3B deficiency caused slight apoptosis in the chondrosarcoma cells	Human tissue samples. In vitro, human cell lines	[8, 68]
Hepatocellular carcinoma	APOBEC3B was the only APOBEC3 family member significantly overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and may be a potential factor contributing to suppression of tumor growth in HCC	Human tissue samples. In vitro, human cell lines	[69]
	APOBEC3B is a potential factor contributing to suppression of tumor growth in HCC	In vitro, human cell lines	[70]
Renal cancer	Renal clear-cell carcinomas showed statistically notable up-regulation of APOBEC3B	Human tissue samples	[8, 71]
Colorectal cancer	APOBEC3B was overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues	Human tissue samples	[8, 72]
Prostate cancer	Prostate carcinomas showed statistically marked up-regulation of APOBEC3B	Human tissue samples	[8, 72]
Cervix cancer	APOBEC3B was overexpressed in cervix cancer tissues	Human tissue samples	[8]
Bladder cancer	APOBEC3B was overexpressed in bladder cancer tissues	Human tissue samples	[8, 73]
Lung cancer	The APOBEC3B expression is elevated obviously in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and the overexpression of APOBEC3B was correlated with unfavorable prognosis	Human tissue samples	[8, 74]
	The tumor/normal ratio of APOBEC3B mRNA levels was not different within the sexuality, age, smoking status, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene (KRAS) mutation and pathological stages	Human tissue samples	[75]
Head and neck	The mRNA level of APOBEC3B were significantly higher in cancer tissues than in the corresponding noncancerous esophageal mucosae	Human tissue samples	[8, 76]
	APOBEC3B mRNA expression was significantly higher in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), compared to non-cancerous oral tissues	Human tissue samples	[77]
Ovarian cancer	APOBEC3B may paly a potential role in serous ovarian cancer genomic instability	Human tissue samples. In vitro, human cell lines	[78]