Table 1.

Anti-neoplastic property of cyanobacterium-derived macrolides on different cell lines.

Metabolite	Source	Location	Target Cell Lines	Concentration/Effect	Reference
lyngbyabellin A (1)	Lyngbya majuscula	Guam	KB cells and LoVo cells	IC50 value of 0.03 and 0.50 µg/mL respectively	[6]
lyngbyabellin B (2)	Lyngbya majuscula	Guam	KB cells and LoVo cells	IC50 value of 0.10 and 0.83 µg/mL respectively	[10]
lyngbyabellin E (3)	Lyngbya majuscula	Papua New Guinea	NCI-H460 human lung tumor and neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells	LC50 value of 0.4 and 1.2 µM respectively	[11]
lyngbyabellin F (4)	Lyngbya majuscula	Papua New Guinea	NCI-H460 human lung tumor and neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells	LC50 value of 1.0 and 1.8 µM respectively	[11]
lyngbyabellin G (5)	Lyngbya majuscula	Papua New Guinea	NCI-H460 human lung tumor and neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells	LC50 value of 2.2 and 4.8 µM respectively	[11]
lyngbyabellin H (6)	Lyngbya majuscula	Papua New Guinea	NCI-H460 human lung tumor and neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells	LC50 value of 0.2 and 1.4 µM respectively	[11]
lyngbyabellin I (7)	Lyngbya majuscula	Papua New Guinea	NCI-H460 human lung tumor and neuro-2a mouse neuroblastoma cells	LC50 value of 1.0 and 0.7 µM respectively	[11]
lyngbyabellin N (10)	Moorea bouillonii	Palmyra Atoll, USA	H-460 human lung carcinoma and HCT116 colon cancer cell lines	IC50 value of 0.0048–1.8 µM and 15 µM respectively	[12]
lyngbyaloside B (13)	Lyngbya sp.	Palau	KB cells and LoVo cells	IC50 value of 4.3 and 15 µM respectively	[13]
2-epi-lyngbyalosid (14)	Lyngbya bouillonii	Apra Harbor, Guam	HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma and HeLa cells	IC50 value of 38 and 33 µM respectively	[14]
18E-lyngbyaloside C (15)	Lyngbya bouillonii	Apra Harbor, Guam	HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma and HeLa cells	IC50 value of 13 and 9.3 µM respectively	[14]
18Z-lyngbyaloside C (16)	Lyngbya bouillonii	Apra Harbor, Guam	HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma and HeLa cells	IC50 value of >100 µM and 53 µM respectively	[14]
biselyngbyaside (17)	Lyngbya sp.	Tokunoshima Island, Japan	HeLa S3 cells	IC50 value of 0.1 μg/mL	[15]
biselyngbyaside B (18)	Lyngbya sp.	Tokunoshima Island, Japan	HeLa S3 cells and HL60 cells	IC50 value of 3.5 and 0.82 µM respectively	[16]
biselyngbyaside E (21)	Lyngbya sp.	Ishigaki Island, Japan	HeLa and HL60 cells	IC50 value of 0.19 and 0.071 µM respectively	[17]
biselyngbyaside F (22)	Lyngbya sp.	Ishigaki Island, Japan	HeLa and HL60 cells	IC50 value of 3.1 and 0.66 µM respectively	[17]
biselyngbyolide A (23)	Lyngbya sp.	Tokunoshima Island, Japan	HeLa S3 cells and HL60 cells	IC50 value of 0.22 and 0.027 µM respectively	[18]
biselyngbyolide B (24)	Lyngbya sp.	Ishigaki Island, Japan	HeLa S3 cells and HL60 cells	IC50 value of 0.028 and 0.0027 µM respectively	[19]
caylobolide A (25)	Lyngbya majuscula	Bahamian	human colon tumor cells HCT 116	IC50 values of 9.9 µM	[20]
caylobolide B (26)	Phormidium spp.	Florida USA	HT29 colorectal adenocarcinoma and HeLa cervical carcinoma cells	IC50 value of 4.5 and 12.2 µM respectively	[21]
swinholide A (27)	Symploca cf. sp.	Fiji	several cancer cell lines	IC50 values of 0.37 nM–1.0 µM	[22]
ankaraholide A (28)	Geitlerinema sp.	Madagascar	NCI-H460, Neuro-2a cells and MDA-MB-435 cells	IC50 value of 119, 262 and 8.9 nM respectively	[22]
scytophycin A (30)	Scytonema pseudohofmanni	Oahu, Hawaii	human carcinoma of nasopharynx Cell (KB cells)	IC50 value of 1 ng/mL	[23]
scytophycin B (31)	Scytonema pseudohofmanni	Oahu, Hawaii	KB cells	IC50 value of 1 ng/mL	[23]
scytophycins C-E (32–34)	Scytonema pseudohofmanni	Oahu, Hawaii	KB cells	IC50 value of 10–100 ng/mL	[23]
6-hydroxyscytophycin B (35)	Scytonema mirabile	cultured	KB cells and LoVo cells	MICs of 1–5 and 10–50 ng/mL respectively	[23]
19-O-demethylscytophycin C (36)	Scytonema burmanicurn	cultured	KB cells and LoVo cells	MICs of 1–5 and 10–50 ng/mL respectively	[23]
6-hydroxy-7-O-methylscytophycin E (37)	Scytonema ocellatum	cultured	KB cells and LoVo cells	MICs of 1–5 and 10–50 ng/mL respectively	[23]
tolytoxin (38)	Tolypothrix conglutinata var. colorata	Fanning Island	KB cells and LoVo cells	IC50 value of 8.4 and 5.3 nM respectively	[24]
debromoaplysiatoxin (39)	Lyngbya majuscula	Marshall Islands	P-388 lymphocytic mouse leukemia	weak	[25]
lyngbouilloside (44)	Lyngbya bouillonii	Papua New Guinea	neuroblastoma cells	IC50 value of 17 µM	[26]
koshikalide (45)	Lyngbya sp.	Mie Prefecture	HeLa S3 cells	IC50 value of 42 µg/mL	[27]
sanctolide A (46)	Oscillatoria sancta	cultured	HT-29 and MDA-MB-435 cell lines	nd a	[28]
acutiphycin (47)	Oscillatoria acutissima	Manoa Valley Oahu, Hawaii	KB cells and NIH/3T3 cells	ED50 < 1 µg/mL	[29]
20,21-didehydroacutiphycin (48)	Oscillatoria acutissima	Manoa Valley Oahu, Hawaii	KB cells and NIH/3T3 cells	ED50 < 1 µg/mL	[29]
polycavernoside D (49)	Okeania sp.	Puerto Rican	H-460 human lung cancer cell lines	EC50 value of 2.5 µM	[30]
bastimolide A (50)	Okeania hirsuta	Panama	Vero cells	IC50 value of 2.1 µM	[31]
nuiapolide (51)	colonial cyanobacterium (071905-NII-01)	Hawaii	Jurkat cells and cancerous T lymphocytes	anti-chemotactic activity	[32]

^a Not determined.