Table I.
General characteristics and patient demographics in 20 included studies.
| Surgery site (N) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author, year | Study period | Study design | Cases (N) | Patients (N) | Gender (F/M) | Mean age (years) | Knee/Hip/Other | (Refs.) |
| Wilde et al, 1988 | 1980–1987 | PCS | 15 | 15 | 7/8 | 68.0 | 15/0/0 | (39) |
| Burger et al, 1991 | 1976–1988 | RCS | 39 | 39 | ND | ND | 39/0/0 | (38) |
| Giulieri et al, 2004 | 1985–2001 | PCS | 63 | 60 | 20/40 | 72.0 | 0/63/0 | (42) |
| Ip et al, 2005 | 1995–2003 | RCS | 36 | 36 | 12/24 | 70.0 | 14/22/0 | (28) |
| Fulkerson et al, 2006 | 1991–2003 | RCS | 194a | 146 | 82/64 | 66.0 | 84/110/0 | (12) |
| Phillips et al, 2006 | 1987–2001 | PCS | 75 | 75 | 38/37 | 67.6 | 41/34/0 | (2) |
| Rafiq et al, 2006 | 1974–2005 | RCS | 255 | 255 | ND | ND | 0/255/0 | (9) |
| Moran et al, 2007 | 1998–2003 | RCS | 112 | 112 | 50/62 | 68.8 | 51/52/9 | (27) |
| Sharma et al, 2008 | 1999–2006 | RCS | 248a | 147 | ND | ND | 108/140/0 | (6) |
| Stefansdottir et al, 2009 | 1986–2000 | RCS | 426 | 426 | 244/182 | Primary 68.1 revision 70.9 | 426/0/0 | (1) |
| Teterycz et al, 2010 | 1996–2008 | RCS | 82 | 82 | 39/43 | 69.0 | 29/52/1 | (19) |
| Nickinson et al, 2010 | 1994–2008 | RCS | 121 | 121 | 60/61 | 71.0 | 121/0/0 | (8) |
| Tsai et al, 2015 | 2006–2011 | RCS | 144 | 144 | 81/63 | 68.9 | 88/52/4 | (13) |
| Kuiper et al, 2013 | 2004–2009 | RCS | 91 | 91 | 54/37 | 70.0 | 29/62/0 | (20) |
| Lutro et al, 2014 | 1993–2007 | PCS | 278 | 278 | 188/90 | 67.6 | 0/278/0 | (32) |
| Ibrahim et al, 2014 | 2000–2008 | PCS | 125 | 125 | 74/51 | 68.0 | 0/125/0 | (41) |
| Bjerke-Kroll et al, 2014 | 1998–2011 | RCS | 785 | 793 | 355/438 | TKA 65.6 THA 65.3 | 390/395/0 | (44) |
| Holmberg et al, 2015 | 2000–2008 | PCS | 145 | 144 | 62/82 | 70.0 | 145/0/0 | (40) |
| Matsumoto et al, 2015 | 2000–2010 | RCS | 50 | 50 | 12/38 | 71.1 | 50/0/0 | (33) |
| Triantafyllopoulos et al, 2015 | 2001–2013 | RCS | 60 | 60 | 31/29 | 64.9 | 0/60/0 | (43) |
| Total | 3,344 | 3,199 | 1,630/1,700/14 |
a
Cases were positive specimens isolated from knee or hip. F, female; M, male; PCS, prospective cohort study; RCS, retrospective cohort study; ND, no data; primary, primary arthroplasty; revision, revision arthroplasty; TKA, total knee arthroplasty; THA, total hip arthroplasty.