TABLE 2.
HOST TRAITS OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM COMPLEX CASES AND CONTROL SUBJECTS
| Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | |||
| Trait | Cases Count (%) (N = 70) | Control Subjects Count (%) (N = 61) | (52 Matched Groups, 52 Cases, 61 Control
Subjects)* |
|
| GERD treatment† | ||||
| None | 31 (44.3) | 27 (44.3) | Referent | — |
| OTCs only | 15 (21.4) | 18 (29.5) | 0.72 | 0.22–2.3 |
| Acid-suppressor medication, with or without OTCs | 24 (34.3) | 15 (24.6) | 1.6 | 0.63–4.1 |
| Height | ||||
| Lowest tertile for sex | 30 (42.9) | 18 (29.5) | Referent | — |
| Middle tertile for sex | 15 (21.4) | 28 (45.9) | 0.29 | 0.08–1 |
| Tallest tertile for sex | 25 (35.7) | 15 (24.6) | 1.1 | 0.37–3.4 |
| Body weight index | ||||
| Low | 58 (82.9) | 27 (44.3) | Referent | — |
| Underweight | 7 | 1 | ||
| Normal | 51 | 26 | ||
| High | 9 (12.9) | 29 (47.5) | 0.11 | 0.03–0.49 |
| Overweight | 9 | 20 | ||
| Obese | 0 | 9 | ||
| Thoracic skeletal abnormality‡ | 19 (27.1) | 5 (8.2) | 5.4 | 1.5–20 |
| Osteoporosis or osteopenia diagnosis | 33 (47.1) | 22 (36.1) | 2 | 0.85–4.5 |
| Hospitalized for pneumonia | 17 (24.3) | 5 (8.2) | 3.4 | 1.1–10.9 |
| Smoking history | ||||
| None (<100 lifetime cigarettes) | 35 (50) | 37 (60.7) | Referent | — |
| Light (≤10 lifetime pack-years) | 17 (24.3) | 14 (23) | 2.3 | 0.78–6.6 |
| Heavy (>10 pack-years) | 18 (25.7) | 10 (16.4) | 2.7 | 0.93–7.9 |
| COPD diagnosis | 13 (18.6) | 1 (1.6) | 10 | 1.2–80.4 |
| Asthma diagnosis | 11 (15.7) | 12 (19.7) | 0.84 | 0.26–2.7 |
| Diabetes diagnosis | 2 (2.9) | 3 (4.9) | 0. 67 | 0.11–4 |
| Steroid use | 18 (25.7) | 3 (4.9) | 8 | 1.6–41.4 |
| Mean duration of use, wks (SD) | 227 (253) | 33 (50) | — | — |
| Immunomodulatory drug use§ | 8 (11.4) | 0 | ∞ | — |
Definition of abbreviations: COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; GERD = gastroesophageal reflux disease; OTC = over-the-counter.
Odds ratios were calculated using conditional logistic regression with age >70 in the model. Sex and area code were perfectly matched, and adjustment for other potential confounding variables did not appreciably change results. One or more matched control subjects were recruited and retained for 52 of the 70 cases enrolled in the study. Only matched groups of one case and one or more control subjects are included in conditional logistic regression.
Subjects were read generic and commercial names for omeprazole, lansoprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole, cimetidine, famotidine, ranitidine, and nizatidine.
Subjects were asked if they were ever diagnosed with any of the following: scoliosis, kyphosis, or pectus excavatum.
Subjects were read both generic and commercial names for methotrexate, azathioprine, mycophenolate, rituximab, etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab.