Liver ischemic conditioning stimulates ventricular GSK-3β phosphorylation. Representative immunoblots (top) and densitometric analysis (bottom) of phosphorylated GSK-3β (Ser9) (p-GSK-3β) and total GSK-3β in rat livers (A) and ventricles (B) are shown. Sham animals did not undergo liver stimulus. Sham, sham-operated group; RPre, remote liver ischemic preconditioning; RPost, remote liver ischemic postconditioning; RPre+RPost, the combination of remote liver ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning. All band densities were normalized to sham group. Values are means ± SE; n = 5 in each group. NS, no significant difference. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 vs. sham; ##P < 0.01 vs. CON (by one-way ANOVA).