Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics and HIV History of HIV-Infected Meningitis Patients 2006–2016
| Baseline Characteristics at Hospital Presentation |
2006 Cohort (N = 262) |
2010 Cohort (N = 469) |
2013 Cohort (N = 622) |
P Value, Test for Difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 34 | (29–39) | 34 | (29–40) | 35 | (30–42) | .008d |
| Women (%) | 109 | (42%) | 223 | (48%) | 239 | (38%) | .01f |
| CD4 count cells/μL, median |
20 |
19 |
10 |
.17d | |||
| (IQR, 90th percentile) | (7–40, 77) | (9–70, 107) | (8–73, 173) | ||||
| Aware of HIV status, n (%) | 40 | (56%)a | 411 | (88%) | 578 | (93%) | .001f |
| Receiving/ever received ART, n (%) | 0 | (0%)a | 10% (estimate) | 366 | (59%) | <.001f | |
| Cryptococcal meningitis, n (%) | 160 (61%) | 260 (55%) | 439 | (71%) | <.001f | ||
| Incident meningitis cases per month of active screening | N/Ab | 18.0 | 24.0 | <.001 | |||
| HIV History Before Hospital Presentation [3] |
N = 71 | N = 426 | |||||
| HIV status known <1 month | 46 | (65%) | N/A | 143 | (34%) | <.001 | |
| HIV status known >1 month but receiving ART <1 month or none | 25 | (35%) | 86 | (20%) | |||
| Started but stopped ART >1 month prior |
0 | (0%) | N/A | 15 | (4%) | ||
| Receiving continuous ART 1–4 months |
0 | (0%) | N/A | 47 | (11%) | ||
| Receiving continuous ART >4 months |
0 | (0%) | N/A | 128 | (30%) | ||
| Unknown | 0 | (0%) | 7 | (2%) | |||
| Total | 71 | (100%) | 426 | (100%) | |||
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; N/A, not applicable.
aDenominator n = 71.
bIn 2006–2009, all persons with suspected meningitis were not enrolled due to limited resources.
cAmong persons alert and oriented to interview. In 2006–2009, limited to persons with diagnosed cryptococcal meningitis.
dKruskal-Wallis.
eNonparametric test for trend across ordered groups.
fχ2 test.