Table 4.
Variables | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | ||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR | 99% Confidence Intervals | p-Value | OR | 99% Confidence Intervals | p-Value | OR | 99% Confidence Intervals | p-Value | OR | 99% Confidence Intervals | p-Value | OR | 99% Confidence Intervals | p-Value | |||||||
Income | Missing/don’t know | 2.267 ** | 1.774 | 2.896 | <0.0001 | 2.466 ** | 1.810 | 3.359 | <0.0001 | 2.408 ** | 1.807 | 3.208 | <0.0001 | 2.860 ** | 2.209 | 3.702 | <0.0001 | 2.069 ** | 1.560 | 2.746 | <0.0001 |
<$15,000 vs. ≥$50,000 | 4.926 ** | 3.978 | 6.099 | 5.777 ** | 4.534 | 7.361 | 5.492 ** | 4.222 | 7.143 | 6.094 ** | 4.865 | 7.635 | 4.294 ** | 3.260 | 5.657 | ||||||
$15,000–<$25,000 vs. ≥$50,000 | 3.933 ** | 3.174 | 4.873 | 4.232 ** | 3.321 | 5.391 | 4.585 ** | 3.544 | 5.931 | 5.431 ** | 4.372 | 6.746 | 3.675 ** | 2.800 | 4.824 | ||||||
$25,000–<$35,000 vs. ≥$50,000 | 2.712 ** | 2.097 | 3.506 | 2.786 ** | 2.070 | 3.750 | 3.396 ** | 2.518 | 4.580 | 3.234 ** | 2.468 | 4.237 | 2.770 ** | 2.042 | 3.758 | ||||||
$35,000–<$50,000 vs. ≥$50,000 | 2.069 ** | 1.593 | 2.687 | 1.877 ** | 1.407 | 2.502 | 1.753 ** | 1.248 | 2.462 | 2.442 ** | 1.881 | 3.171 | 1.807 ** | 1.304 | 2.503 | ||||||
Sex | Male vs. Female | 0.738 ** | 0.653 | 0.835 | <0.0001 | 0.754 ** | 0.659 | 0.864 | <0.0001 | 0.773 ** | 0.674 | 0.887 | <0.0001 | 0.778 ** | 0.683 | 0.888 | <0.0001 | 0.825 ** | 0.715 | 0.952 | 0.0005 |
Education | Did not graduate High School vs. Graduated from College or Technical School | 2.685 ** | 2.229 | 3.236 | <0.0001 | 2.613 ** | 2.108 | 3.241 | <0.0001 | 2.952 ** | 2.417 | 3.606 | <0.0001 | 2.827 ** | 2.297 | 3.481 | <0.0001 | 2.664 ** | 2.011 | 3.529 | <0.0001 |
Graduated High School vs. Graduated from College or Technical School | 1.930 ** | 1.625 | 2.293 | 1.794 ** | 1.473 | 2.187 | 1.897 ** | 1.578 | 2.281 | 1.84 ** | 1.516 | 2.233 | 1.631 ** | 1.256 | 2.116 | ||||||
Attended College or Technical School vs. Graduated from College or Technical School | 1.753 ** | 1.471 | 2.089 | 1.610 ** | 1.314 | 1.972 | 1.682 ** | 1.389 | 2.037 | 1.661 ** | 1.366 | 2.018 | 1.666 ** | 1.275 | 2.178 | ||||||
Race/Ethnicity | Hispanic vs. White | 2.385 ** | 2.006 | 2.836 | <0.0001 | 2.284 ** | 1.898 | 2.749 | <0.0001 | 2.270 ** | 1.884 | 2.736 | <0.0001 | 2.216 ** | 1.862 | 2.638 | <0.0001 | 2.337 ** | 1.930 | 2.830 | <0.0001 |
Other vs. White | 1.677 ** | 1.207 | 2.330 | 1.902 ** | 1.330 | 2.720 | 1.565 ** | 1.112 | 2.204 | 1.757 ** | 1.307 | 2.360 | 1.874 ** | 1.260 | 2.787 | ||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native vs. White | 1.740 ** | 1.155 | 2.622 | 2.014 ** | 1.365 | 2.971 | 1.781 ** | 1.209 | 2.622 | 1.815 ** | 1.216 | 2.710 | 2.078 ** | 1.330 | 3.246 | ||||||
Asian vs. White | 0.901 | 0.532 | 1.527 | 1.044 | 0.475 | 2.295 | 0.861 | 0.412 | 1.798 | 1.089 | 0.527 | 2.252 | 1.271 | 0.624 | 2.591 | ||||||
Black or African American vs. White | 1.707 ** | 1.442 | 2.020 | 1.692 ** | 1.426 | 2.008 | 1.543 ** | 1.295 | 1.839 | 1.524 ** | 1.284 | 1.807 | 1.701 ** | 1.422 | 2.035 | ||||||
Rurality | Urban versus Rural (Not in an MSA) | 0.882 * | 0.768 | 1.012 | 0.0189 | 0.925 | 0.795 | 1.078 | 0.1905 | 0.855 * | 0.721 | 1.013 | 0.0176 | 0.794 ** | 0.665 | 0.948 | 0.0008 | 0.884 | 0.722 | 1.083 | 0.1177 |
Rurality | In the center city of an MSA versus Not in an MSA (rural) | 0.925 | 0.787 | 1.086 | 0.0288 | 0.965 | 0.801 | 1.161 | 0.4140 | 0.958 | 0.778 | 1.18 | 0.0006 | 0.810 ** | 0.666 | 0.986 | 0.0089 | 0.849 * | 0.691 | 1.043 | 0.1272 |
Outside the center city of an MSA but inside the county containing the center city versus Not in an MSA (rural) | 0.865 * | 0.720 | 1.039 | 0.888 | 0.719 | 1.097 | 0.755 ** | 0.600 | 0.949 | 0.744 ** | 0.572 | 0.967 | 0.903 | 0.635 | 1.285 | ||||||
Inside a suburban county of the MSA versus Not in an MSA (rural) | 0.806 ** | 0.659 | 0.985 | 0.892 | 0.695 | 1.144 | 0.757 ** | 0.608 | 0.943 | 0.831 | 0.649 | 1.063 | 1.053 | 0.749 | 1.480 | ||||||
Census Region | North vs. South | 0.635 ** | 0.530 | 0.761 | <0.0001 | 0.542 ** | 0.426 | 0.688 | <0.0001 | 0.622 ** | 0.508 | 0.762 | <0.0001 | 0.657 ** | 0.541 | 0.797 | <0.0001 | 0.600 ** | 0.490 | 0.735 | <0.0001 |
Midwest vs. South | 0.676 ** | 0.576 | 0.793 | 0.684 ** | 0.578 | 0.808 | 0.695 ** | 0.596 | 0.811 | 0.675 ** | 0.576 | 0.792 | 0.646 ** | 0.545 | 0.765 | ||||||
Western/Pacific vs. South | 0.731 ** | 0.619 | 0.864 | 0.819 ** | 0.687 | 0.976 | 0.784 ** | 0.634 | 0.968 | 0.814 ** | 0.671 | 0.988 | 0.716 ** | 0.575 | 0.893 | ||||||
State Median Income | State Median Income (continuous variable) | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 |
** and bold indicate significantly different (alpha = 0.01); * alpha = 0.05.