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. 2017 May 5;14(5):488. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14050488

Table 3.

Association between socio-demographic factors and drowning events, fatal and non-fatal.

Characteristics Fatal Drowning Non-Fatal Drowning
OR (95% CI) Unadjusted p Value OR (95% CI) Adjusted p Value OR (95% CI) Unadjusted p Value OR (95% CI) Adjusted p Value
Sex
Male 1.5 (1.1–2.0) 0.008 1.4 (1.0–1.9) 0.030 1.4 (1.3–1.5) 0.000 1.2 (1.1–1.3) 0.000
Female 1 1 1 1
Age Groups (Years)
<1 year 1 1 1 1
1–4 years 13.5 (3.3–54.5) 0.000 13.3 (3.3–54.0) 0.000 18.4 (13.3–25.4) 0.000 15.9 (11.2–22.5) 0.000
5–9 years 2.5 (0.6–10.6) 0.20 1.3 (0.2–10.1) 0.818 2.7 (2.0–3.8) 0.000 1.5 (0.6–3.6) 0.423
10–14 years 0.6 (0.1–2.9) 0.56 0.5 (0.1–4.4) 0.537 0.2 (0.1–0.3) 0.000 0.2 (0.1–0.4) 0.000
15–17 years 0.4 (0.1–2.5) 0.30 0.4 (0.0–4.2) 0.428 0.1 (0.04–0.17) 0.000 0.1 (0.0–0.2) 0.000
18–24 years 0.8 (0.2–3.5) 0.71 0.7 (0.1–4.7) 0.673 0.11 (0.07–0.19) 0.000 0.1 (0.0–0.2) 0.000
25–64 years 0.4 (0.1–1.5) 0.16 0.2 (0.0–1.3) 0.084 0.67 (0.12–0.24) 0.000 0.1 (0.0–0.2) 0.000
65+ years 0.9 (0.2–4.6) 0.93 0.3 (0.0–3.0) 0.323 0.16 (0.09–0.28) 0.000 0.1 (0.0–0.2) 0.000
Level of Education
No education 4.0 (1.0–16.6) 0.05 3.7 (0.8–16.7) 0.100 12.8 (6.1–27.0) 0.000 2.9 (1.3–6.7) 0.013
Primary 2.2 (0.5–9.2) 0.28 1.3 (0.3–6.1) 0.728 9.9 (4.7–20.9) 0.000 1.4 (0.6–3.1) 0.480
Secondary 0.6 (0.1–2.8) 0.47 0.6 (0.1–3.0) 0.506 1.4 (0.7–3.2) 0.37 1.1 (0.5–2.7) 0.776
A levels and above 1 1 1 1
SES Index
Lowest 1.7 (1.1–2.6) 0.02 1.3 (0.8–2.1) 0.234 2.6 (2.3–2.9) 0.000 2.0 (1.8–2.3) 0.000
Low 1.4 (0.9–2.3) 0.12 1.3 (0.8–2.1) 0.250 1.9 (1.7–2.1) 0.000 1.8 (1.6–2.1) 0.000
Middle 1.2 (0.7–1.9) 0.46 1.1 (0.7–1.8) 0.656 1.5 (1.4–1.7) 0.000 1.4 (1.3–1.6) 0.000
High 0.9 (0.5–1.4) 0.57 0.8 (0.5–1.4) 0.500 1.3 (1.1–1.5) 0.000 1.4 (1.2–1.6) 0.000
Highest 1 1 1 1

OR: Odds Ratio.