Table 5.
Colchicine in coronary artery disease.
| First author (study name) | Study type | Patient number | Clinical setting | Colchicine dosage and duration | Adverse events | Summary and Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crittenden [38], 2012 | Retrospective, cross-sectional observational study | 1288 | Reduction of MI in patient with gout treated with colchicine. | Unknown. | Unknown. | |
| - Incidence of MI: colchicine 1.2% vs no colchicine 2.6%, P=0.03. | - Mortality: colchicine 3.9% vs no colchicine 5.1%, P=0.18, NS. | Raju [39], 2012 | Prospective double-blind, randomized controlled trial | 80 | Reduction of hs-CRP and platelet aggregation in patient with ACS or stroke. | 1mg daily for 30 days. |
| Colchicine 38% vs placebo 14%, p=0.04 | - hs-CRP level: Colchicine 1.0mg/L vs placebo 1.5mg/L, p=0.22, NS. | - No difference in platelet function. | Nidof [40], 2013 (LoDoCo study) | Prospective, randomized, observer-blinded endpoint study. | 532 | |
| Reduction of cardiovascular events in patients with clinically stable coronary disease. | 0.5mg daily for a minimum of 2 years. | 4.9%. | - Combined incidence of ACS, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, or ischemic stroke: Colchicine 5.3% vs placebo 16%, p<0.001, NNT 11) | - Incidence of ACS only: colchicine 4.6% vs placebo 13.4%, p<0.001. | Martínez [42], 2015 | |
| Prospective, randomized study | 83 | Effect of colchicine on the level of cytokines IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-6 in patient with ACS. | 1 mg, followed by 0.5 mg 1 hour later, 6 to 24 hours before cardiac catheterization | Not mentioned | - Colchicine significantly reduces intracoronary infalmmatomry cytokines level in patients with ACS by 40-80%. | Deftereos [43], 2015 |
Prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study,
151
Reduction of infarct size in patients presenting with
STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention.
1.5 mg initially followed by 0.5 mg 1 hour later and continue with 0.5 mg BD for 5 days after cardiac catheterization.
Colchicine 26% vs control 4%, p<0.001.
- CK-MB level: Colchicine 3144 ng/h/mL–1 vs control 6184 ng/h/ml-1, p<0.001.
- post STEMI LVEF: colchicine 53% vs control 46%, p=0.003.
- Infarct volume on MRI: colchicine 18.8ml vs control 25.1ml, p=0.019
- CRP level: colchicine 42.9mg/L vs control 63.8ml/L, p=0.019.
ACS = acute coronary syndrome, CRP = C-reactive protein, IL = interleukin, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction, MI = myocardial infarction, NS = non-significant, NNT = number needed to treat, STEMI = ST elevation myocardial infarction.