Table 2.
Main Results of the Meta-Analysis
| Random model | Effect size | Heterogeneity | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marker | N studies | N EOP | N control | SMD (95% CI) | Z | P | Q | P (Q) |
I
squared |
Tau
squared |
| CAT | 2 | 134 | 127 | -0.122 (-0.379 to 0.136) |
-0.927 | .354 | 1.056 | 0.304 | 5.316 | 0.003 |
| GPx* | 3 | 124 | 121 | 0.557 (-1.181 to 2.295) |
0.628 | .530 | 51.359 | 0.000 | 96.106 | 2.248 |
| GSH | 2 | 130 | 130 | -0.240 (-0.694 to 0.214) |
-1.038 | .299 | 2.489 | 0.115 | 59.826 | 0.067 |
| Oxidative damage± | 2 | 94 | 102 | 1.641 (-1.688 to 4.971) |
0.966 | .334 | 71.513 | 0.000 | 98.602 | 5.690 |
| SOD* | 3 | 155 | 147 | -0.051 (-0.617 to 0.515) |
-0.176 | .860 | 8.830 | 0.012 | 77.350 | 0.190 |
| TAS | 2 | 130 | 130 | -0.328 (-1.052 to 0.396) |
-0.889 | .374 | 6.023 | 0.014 | 83.397 | 0.229 |
±Oxidative damage includes two different measures: LOOH and 8-oxo-dG.
*Publication bias for GPx and SOD: Duval and Tweedie trim-and-fill, adjusted SMD= 0,557, (95% CI -1,181 to 2,295), adjusted Q= 51,359 for GPx; adjusted SMD= -0,051, (95% CI 0,617 to 0,515), adjusted Q=8,830 for SOD.
Abbreviations: 8-oxo-dG, 8-oxo-2’-deoxyguanosine; CAT, Catalase; EOP, Early Onset Psychosis; GPx, Glutathione Peroxidase; GSH, Glutathione; LOOH, Linoleic acid Hydroperoxides; SMD, standard mean difference; SOD, Superoxide Dismutase activity; TAS, Total Antioxidant Status.