Table 2.

Space holding particles and considerations in selection for metallic biomedical scaffolds.

Space holder material	Reasons of selection	References
Ammonium hydrogen carbonate	Low decomposition temperature	[33,34,75]
Carbamide	Highly soluble in water	[52,76]
Saccharose	Soluble in water, biocompatible	[39]
Sodium chloride	Soluble in water, biocompatible	[35,36]
Magnesium	Biocompatible, good mechanical properties	[41,42,67]
Steel	Good mechanical properties	[43]