Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of the eligible participants for analyses on incident composite diabetes. This group of eligible participants had no baseline pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes and ≥3 years of follow-up.
| Non-Functional Adrenal Tumor | No Adrenal Tumor | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 110 | 615 | |
| Age (y) | 56.1 (12.1) | 56.3 (14.5) | 0.92 |
| Female (%) | 84.6 | 80.5 | 0.37 |
| Race | |||
| White (%) | 65.5 | 67.3 | 0.97 |
| Black (%) | 9.1 | 9.3 | |
| Hispanic (%) | 7.3 | 6.2 | |
| Other (%) | 18.2 | 17.3 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.5 (6.9) | 27.7 (6.4) | 0.012 |
| Years of Follow-up (y) | 7.3 (3.3) | 8.0 (3.7) | 0.06 |
| Smoking | |||
| Non-smoker (%)+ | 66.4 | 75.0 | 0.08 |
| Current smoker (%) | 33.6 | 25.0 | |
| Hypertension (%) | 45.5 | 38.9 | 0.21 |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 40.0 | 31.7 | 0.099 |
| Coronary Artery Disease (%) | 8.2 | 5.5 | 0.27 |
| Stroke (%) | 0.9 | 3.4 | 0.23 |
| Atrial Fibrillation (%) | 1.8 | 4.2 | 0.29 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease (%) | 7.3 | 2.4 | 0.015 |
| History of Cardiovascular Event (%)‡ | 10.9 | 11.5 | 1.00 |
| Medication Classes Used For: | |||
| Hypertension (%) | 40.5 | 37.4 | 0.60 |
| Hyperlipidemia or coronary heart disease## (%) | 22.7 | 17.6 | 0.23 |
| Assessments within 1 year of final follow-up | |||
| Basic metabolic panel (%)^ | 100.0 | 100.0 | 1.00 |
| Lipid profile (%)^^ | 75.5 | 67.6 | 0.27 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%)^^^ | 43.8 | 35.7 | 0.170 |
| Blood pressure (%)^^^^ | 100.0 | 100.0 | 1.00 |
Data are mean (SD) or number of patients (%) where applicable. P values were calculated with t tests (continuous variables) or Chi χ2 and Fischer’s exact tests (categorical variables).
Presumed never smokers or former smokers who quit > 6 months ago
Pre-Diabetes: Physician diagnosis and/or two or more separate hemoglobin A1c values between 5.7–6.5% without treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents (other than metformin) or injectable diabetes medications.
Type 2 Diabetes: Physician diagnosis of “type 2 diabetes mellitus” or two or more separate hemoglobin A1c values ≥ 6.5%.
Composite Diabetes: Combination of Pre-diabetes and Diabetes.
History of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or interventional coronary procedure (such as coronary catheterization or coronary artery bypass graft surgery).
aspirin, nitrates, statins, fibrates, niacin.
Laboratory assessment of a basic metabolic panel (which includes electrolytes, creatinine, and glucose) within one year of the final assessment of outcomes.
Laboratory assessment of a lipid profile (which includes total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low and high density lipoprotein cholesterol) within one year of the final assessment of outcomes among participants not on lipid lowering medications.
Laboratory assessment of hemoglobin A1c within one year of the final assessment of outcomes among participants not on medications for diabetes.
Measurement of in-office blood pressure within one year of the final assessment of outcomes.