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. 2017 Jun 1;7:2650. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-02975-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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SEM analysis of L. acetotolerans F28 grown under the stress of 12% (v/v) ethanol. (a) Cell morphology of L. acetotolerans F28 after ethanol treatment for 3 hours. (b) Cell morphology of L. acetotolerans F28 after water treatment for 3 hours (control). (c) Cell morphology of L. acetotolerans F28 after ethanol treatment for 24 hours. (d) Cell morphology of L. acetotolerans F28 after water treatment for 24 hours (control). (e) The relative expression level of genes related to cell division in L. acetotolerans F28 by qRT-PCR. 3 H: samples of 3 hours after 12% water treatment (control), 24 H:samples of 24 hours after 12% water treatment (control), 3E:samples of 3 hours after 12% ethanol treatment, 24E:samples of 24 hours after 12% ethanol treatment. Each sample was tested in triplicate. *Values and standard deviation are calculated from at least three independent experiments performed in triplicate. Significance was determined by Student’s t test. *indicated the significance of p < 0.05 and **indicated the significance of p < 0.01.