Table 4.
Nanotechnology based products and their applications in agriculture.
| Nano-products | Year | Institute | Applications | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nano-sized nutrients (ZnO and TiO2 nanoparticles) | 2015 | Washington University in St. Louis | Boost in growth and antioxidants in tomatoes | [158] |
| Biodegradable thermoplastic starch (TPS) | 2002 | Pusan National University, Korea | Good tensile strength and lowered water permeability | [159] |
| Hydrolyzed collagen/sodium alginate nanocomposite | 2008 | Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China | Preservation of loquat and cherry | [160] |
| Macronutrient fertilizers coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles | 2012 | University of Adelaide, AU, CSIRO Land and Water, AU, Kansas State University, US |
Enhancement of nutrients absorption by plants and the delivery of nutrients to specific sites | [161] |
| Primo MAXX | 2011 | Syngenta, Greensboro, NC, USA | Grass growth regulatory | [162] |
| Nanoemulsion | 2012 | VIT University, INDIA | Neem oil (Azadirachta indica) nanoemulsion as larvicidal agent | [163] |
| Zeolites and Nano-clays | – | Geohumus-Frankfurt, DE |
Water retention and slow release of agrochemicals for proper absorption by the plants | [164] |
| Nanosensors | 2007 | (University of Crete, GR) | Pesticide detection with a liposome-based nano-biosensor | [165] |
| Acetamprid loaded alginate-chitosan nanocapsules | 2015 | GJUS&T Hisar, India |
Improved delivery of agrochemicals in the field, better efficacy, better control of application/dose. | [166] |