Table 1.

Anthropometric measurements

The asterisk symbols (*) are <5th percentile cut-off normative values.

Measure	Mean (11–12-year-old male)	5th percentile cut-off (11–12 years male)	Brother/% value	Mean (16–17-year-old female)	5th percentile cut-off (16–17 years female)	Sister/% value
	mm		mm	mm		mm
Stature	1466	1350	1420/25	1590	1501	1410/<1*
Shoulder height sitting	498	448	470/20	567	524	445/<1*
Elbow height sitting	206	170	160/2*	249	209	170/<1*
Forearm length	202	177	215/78	217	194	195/6
Hand length	160	145	150/20	170	157	150/<1*
Hand width (without thumb)	72	65	66/7.5	74	68	67/3*
Buttock-popliteal distance	367	416	360/2.5*	459	410	380/<1*
Buttock-knee distance	500	448	430/1*	548	509	440/<1*
Popliteal height	367	324	395/85	379	346	380/51
Foot length	228	206	223/37.5	231	213	195/<1*
Foot width	83	69	78/25	83	70	80/40