Table 1.

The 10 scientific experiments of the Philae lander. References for instrument descriptions are provided in the last column.

instrument	key science investigation	references
APXS	elemental composition of surface material	Klingelhöfer et al. [2]
CIVA	panoramic imaging, microscopic imaging (M/V) and analysis of sample composition (M/I)	Bibring et al. [3]
CONSERTa	internal structure of the nucleus	Kofman et al. [4]
COSAC	molecular composition and chirality of samples	Goesmann et al. [5]
MUPUS	physical properties (density, porosity, thermal aspects) of the surface and subsurface	Spohn et al. [6]
PTOLEMY	isotopic composition of light stable elements in samples	Morse et al. [7]
ROLIS	descent and down-looking imaging of the surface	Mottola et al. [8]
ROMAP	magnetic and plasma monitoring	Auster et al. [9]
SD2	sample acquisition (drill) and transfer	Bernelli-Zazzera et al. [10]
SESAME	electric (PP) and acoustic (CASSE) sounding of the surface, dust impact monitoring (DIM)	Seidensticker et al. [11]

^aThe CONSERT experiment consists of instrument units on-board both the orbiter and the lander.