Table 3.

Random effects model outputs from all GAMMs analysing behavioural responses in recognition trials with their standard deviations and p-values. Significant p-values (p ≤ 0.05) are indicated in italics.

model: response variable	GAMM random effect	standard deviation	p-value
approaches	focal individual	0.4	0.2
	response individual	0.4	0.03
checks	focal individual	0.3	<0.001
	response individual	0.2	<0.001
aggressive interactions	focal individual	1.2	<0.001
	response individual	1.4	<0.001
proximity	focal individual	196.6	0.9
	response individual	196.6	0.9