. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 2.

Published in final edited form as: Eur Respir J. 2011 Jun 9;38(6):1393–1397. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00023211

TABLE 1.

Sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values for each of the four different smear detection methods stratified by HIV status and CD4 cell count

Study group	Sputum samples n	Sensitivity				Specificity
		Unconcentrated sputum sample		Concentrated sputum pellet		Unconcentrated sputum sample		Concentrated sputum pellet
		ZN	LED	MVFM	LED	ZN	LED	MVFM	LED
All	616	49^#^,^¶ (42–57)	52^#^,⁺ (44–59)	66 (58–73)	66^¶^,⁺ (58–73)	99 (98–100)	100 (98–100)	99 (98–100)	99 (98–100)
HIV-negative	377	55^§ (45–65)	57^ʄ (46–66)	74^## (64–82)	71^¶¶ (61–79)	99 (97–100)	99 (97–100)	99 (97–100)	99 (97–100)
HIV-positive	150	39^§^,⁺⁺^,^§§ (26–54)	46^ʄ^,⁺⁺ (32–61)	46^##^,^ʄʄ (32–61)	54^¶¶^,^§§^,^ʄʄ (39–68)	100 (97–100)	100 (97–100)	100 (97–100)	99 (95–100)
CD4 count <200 cells·mL⁻¹	69	39 (20–61)	50 (29–71)	44^### (25–66)	56^### (34–75)	100 (93–100)	100 (93–100)	100 (93–100)	100 (93–100)

Culture positivity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis served as the reference standard. Data are presented as median (95% CI), unless otherwise stated. ZN: Ziehl–Neelsen staining light microscopy; LED: auramine O staining light-emitting diode fluorescent microscopy; MVFM: auramine O staining conventional mercury vapour fluorescent microscopy.

: p=0.33;

^¶

: p=0.001;

⁺

: p=0.005;

^§

: p=0.08;

^ʄ

: p=0.28;

^##

: p=0.002;

^¶¶

: p=0.06;

⁺⁺

: p=0.25;

^§§

: p=0.092;

^ʄʄ

: p=0.5;

^###

: p=0.5.