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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 2.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Respir J. 2013 Mar 21;43(1):185–194. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00198012

TABLE 4.

Diagnostic accuracy of induced sputum smear microscopy stratified by patient setting, HIV status and CD4 cell count

All# Outpatients Inpatients HIV infected HIV uninfected CD4 >200 cells·μL−1§ CD4 ≤ 200 cells·μL−1§
Subjects 485 190 295 210 136 104 89
Sensitivity 49 (39–59)
47/96		 32f (14–50)
8/25		 55f (43–67)
39/71		 53 (40–66)
27/51		 50 (28–72)
8/16		 58 (39–76)
14/24		 50 (31–69)
12/24
Specificity 98 (97–100)
383/389		 99 (97-100)
164/165		 98 (95–99)
219/224		 98 (94–99)
155/159		 100 (97–100)
120/120		 99 (93–100)
79/80		 95 (87–98)
62/65
PPV 89 (77–95)
47/53		 89 (57–98)
8/9		 89 (76–95)
39/44		 87 (71–95)
27/31		 100 (68–100)
8/8		 93 (70–99)
14/15		 80 (55–93)
12/15
NPV 89 (85–91)
383/432		 91 (86–94)
164/181		 87 (83–91)
219/251		 87 (81–92)
155/179		 94 (88–97)
120/128		 89 (81–94)
79/89		 84 (74–91)
62/74

Data are presented as n or % (95% CI] n/N. Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture positivity was used as the reference standard. PPV: positive predictive value; NPV: negative predictive value.

#

: only patients with a valid induced sputum smear and culture result are included (fig. 1);

: only patients with available HIV results are included (202 patients refused test/HIV status unknown);

§

: only patients with available CD4 cell count data are included (74 HIV-infected patients missing recent CD4 cell count data);

f

:p = 0.05 between the two patient groups.