TABLE 2.
Membrane integrity and viability of B. breve JCM 1192T, B. coccoides JCM 1395T, and B. thetaiotaomicron DSM 2079T upon exposure to FBAs
| FBA (mM) | B. breve JCM 1192T | B. coccoides JCM 1395T | B. thetaiotaomicron DSM 2079T | |||
| Membrane Integrity (%)a | Viability (%)a | Membrane Integrity (%)a | Viability (%)a | Membrane Integrity (%)a | Viability (%)a | |
| DCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 100.00 | 96.60 | 96.86 | 100.00 | 87.67 | 99.87 |
| 0.2 | 87.75 | 81.84 | 74.20 | 63.00 | 32.00 | 11.07 |
| 0.4 | 66.14 | 31.24 | —b | — | — | — |
| 0.6 | 4.07 | 0.29 | 0 | 0.02 | 5.40 | 0 |
| 0.8 | 6.72 | 1.15 × 10−5 | — | — | — | — |
| CDCA | ||||||
| 0.01 | 97.60 | 100.00 | — | — | — | — |
| 0.6 | 4.33 | 0.02 | — | — | — | — |
| 1.2 | 7.50 | 0 | — | — | — | — |
| HDCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 81.00 | 100.00 | 85.75 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 |
| 1 | 0.47 | 0.54 | 1.15 | 0 | 18.10 | 4.26 × 10−4 |
| 2 | 0 | 1.45 × 10−4 | — | — | — | — |
| 3-oxo-12α | ||||||
| 0.1 | 86.49 | 81.10 | — | — | — | — |
| 1 | 40.00 | 1.34 | — | — | — | — |
| 2 | 3.35 | 0.01 | — | — | — | — |
| β-MCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 82.43 | 92.03 | 90.76 | 95.01 | — | — |
| 0.5 | 93.77 | 71.58 | — | — | — | — |
| 1 | 57.44 | 1.40 | 63.19 | 3.26 | 100.00 | 46.66 |
| 2 | — | — | — | — | 18.30 | 1.86 × 10−3 |
| 7-oxo-LCA | ||||||
| 1.5 | 11.78 | 3.44 | — | — | — | — |
| λ-MCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 98.25 | 98.74 | — | — | — | — |
| 1 | 53.77 | 35.17 | — | — | — | — |
| 3 | 28.66 | 7.07 | — | — | — | — |
| 12-oxo-LCA | ||||||
| 0.2 | 100.00 | 100.00 | — | — | — | — |
| 2 | 41.05 | 2.19 | — | — | — | — |
| 4 | 0.18 | 0.04 | — | — | — | — |
| UDCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 100.00 | 72.18 | — | — | — | — |
| 1 | 96.57 | 39.41 | — | — | — | — |
| 2 | 15.42 | 0.19 | — | — | — | — |
| CA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 94.96 | 100.00 | — | — |
| 1 | 92.27 | 91.65 | 87.14 | 70.75 | 100.00 | 71.68 |
| 2 | 63.60 | 53.80 | 15.00 | 0.75 | 100.00 | 73.06 |
| 4 | 43.46 | 26.55 | — | — | — | — |
| 6 | 23.59 | 18.22 | 15.40 | 0 | 6.20 | 0 |
| 8 | 9.62 | 6.20 | — | — | — | — |
| 10 | 4.52 | 0.84 | — | — | — | — |
| α-MCA | ||||||
| 0.1 | 80.54 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 100.00 | — | — |
| 1 | 41.37 | 39.45 | — | — | — | — |
| 2 | 16.70 | 2.25 | 22.93 | 4.72 | 100.00 | 56.73 |
| 4 | — | — | — | — | 62.65 | 0.49 |
| ω-MCA | ||||||
| 1 | 100.00 | 100.00 | 39.18 | 46.65 | 84.13 | 98.77 |
| 2 | 75.73 | 75.25 | — | — | — | — |
| 4 | 14.81 | 1.12 | 2.02 | 3.71 | 35.40 | 0.33 |
| 7-oxo-DCA | ||||||
| 3 | — | — | 85.91 | 59.63 | 100.00 | 91.85 |
| 5 | — | — | 85.79 | 25.00 | 100.00 | 98.54 |
| 10 | 100.00 | 52.72 | — | — | — | — |
| UCA | ||||||
| 3 | 93.53 | 90.57 | 99.00 | 69.92 | 100.00 | 92.04 |
a
Membrane integrity and viability of B. breve JCM 1192T, B. coccoides JCM 1395T, and B. thetaiotaomicron DSM 2079T cells were monitored by fluorescence measurements and the plate-out method, respectively. The cell suspensions were incubated with each FBA on a small scale (2.3 or 4.5 ml) due to the limited availability of FBAs such as MCA and UCA. The treated cells were used to measure both membrane integrity and viability. Data are the means of two independent experiments that yielded similar results.
b
Not determined.