Table 1.
Effect of Tomato-Based Products on Stages of Cell Death Process in Primary PCa Cells after 96 h Treatment.
| Cell Type | Stages of Cell Death | Untreated Cells (Control) | Tomato paste | Tomato extract | Tomato sauce | Ketchup |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 mg/mL | 5 mg/mL | 5 mg/mL | 5 mg/mL | |||
| PCa | Viable cells | 96.1 ± 0.8a | 44.2 ± 2.2b | 40.1 ± 2.3b | 40.2 ± 2.1b | 76.9 ± 0.9c |
| Early apoptosis | 0.8 ± 0.2a | 13.2 ± 1.7b | 9.02 ± 0.3c | 6.9 ± 0.4d | 2.9 ± 0.3e | |
| Late apoptosis | 0.7 ± 0.02a | 40.7 ± 0.4b | 49.7 ± 1.7 | 52.4 ± 1.6c | 19.1 ± 0.5d | |
| Necrotic cells | 3.2 ± 0.1a | 1.8 ± 0.1b | 1.4 ± 0.3b | 0.7 ± 0.1c | 1.1 ± 0.2d |
Legend, The data is expressed as means± standard errors; Small different letters, indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) among treatment concentration vs. control group within the same line.