Table 2.
EFM characteristics in the 30 minutes prior to delivery
| Respiratory Morbidity |
No Respiratory Morbidity |
Relative Risk (95% CI) |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline3 | ||||
| Ever bradycardia <110 bpm | 0.7% | 1.9% | 0.37 (0.05–2.63) | 0.5 (0.1–3.4)2 |
| Ever baseline <120 bpm | 8.2% | 13.4% | 0.59 (0.33–1.06) | 0.7 (0.4–1.3)2 |
| Ever tachycardia >160 bpm | 29.0% | 7.6% | 4.46 (3.20–6.23) | 2.9 (1.9–4.4)1 |
| Variability3 | ||||
| Ever absent or minimal | 62.0% | 53.9% | 1.38 (1.01–1.89) | 1.3 (0.9–1.8)1 |
| Mostly absent or minimal | 43.2% | 38.9% | 1.19 (0.87–1.63) | 1.1 (0.8–1.6)1 |
| Always absent or minimal | 34.8% | 28.9% | 1.30 (0.94–1.80) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7)1 |
| Mostly moderate | 47.1% | 56.3% | 0.70 (0.51–0.95) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0)1 |
| Always moderate | 33.6% | 43.7% | 0.66 (0.48–0.92) | 0.7 (0.5–0.9)1 |
| Ever marked | 8.7% | 3.2% | 2.69 (1.56–4.64) | 2.7 (1.5–5.0)1 |
| Accelerations | ||||
| Accels present | 22.2% | 33.6% | 0.57 (0.39–0.84) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9)1 |
| Number of accels, median (IQ range) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | ||
| Decelerations | ||||
| Decels present | 78.2% | 86.1% | 0.60 (0.42–0.85) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2)1 |
| Number of decels, median (IQ range) | 8 (3–10) | 6 (3–9) | ||
| Early decels | 2.4% | 6.7% | 0.34 (0.13–0.92) | 0.4 (0.1–1.1)1 |
| Variable decels | 71.2% | 80.7% | 0.61 (0.44–0.84) | 0.8 (0.5–1.1)1 |
| Late decels | 41.8% | 50.1% | 0.72 (0.54–0.98) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1)1 |
| Prolonged decels | 45.9% | 33.7% | 1.64 (1.22–2.20) | 1.7 (1.3–2.4)1 |
1
Adjusted for fever, parity, pregestational DM, prior c-section, preeclampsia
2
Adjusted for fever, parity, pregestational DM, prior c-section, preeclampsia, labor type IQ interquartile range
3
"Always" was defined as presence of the characteristic during the entire 30-minute period before delivery. "Ever" and "Mostly" refer to the presence of the EFM characteristic during any 10-minute segment and presence of the EFM characteristic for any 15-minute segment or longer, respectively, in the 30-minute period before delivery.