Table 2.

Anti-tumor effects of NDV in mouse and man.

1. Tumors and Fibrosis in Mice

Orthotopic glioma, primary tumor [42]

Syngeneic lymphoma (ESb), as secondary preventive method against metastases [62]

Xenografted human tumors in athymic mice, primary tumors [60,61]

Syngeneic melanoma (B16), breaking systemic tumor resistance to immune checkpoint blockade [65]

Liver fibrosis, regression [67]

2. Tumors in Man

Malignant melanoma, stage II (AJCC stage III), NDV oncolysate vaccine, post-operative (p-o) application [76]

Primary breast carcinoma, ATV-NDV vaccine, p-o application [78]

Primary colorectal carcinoma, ATV-NDV vaccine, p-o application [79]

Advanced renal cell carcinoma, ATV-NDV vaccine + cytokines, p-o application [80]

Primary head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, ATV-NDV, p-o application [81]

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), ATV-NDV, p-o application [82]

High grade glioma, oncolytic NDV i.v. [71]

GBM, hyperthermia/NDV pretreatment + VOL-DC vaccination [86]

Advanced colorectal carcinoma, stage IV, ATV-NDV after resection of liver metastases, prospective randomized trial [59,83]

Abbreviations: ATV-NDV, Autologous tumor cell vaccine modified by infection with NDV; GBM, Glioblastoma multiforme; p-o, post-operative; VOL-DC, Dendritic cell vaccine pulsed with vial oncolysate.