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Pathophysiologic changes to the developing lung after exposure to oxygen and shear stress. Normal lung development is depicted on the Ieft; abnormal processes are depicted on the right. ECM, extracellular matrix; HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; VEGF-A, vascular endothelial growth factor A; VEGF-R1, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1; VEGF-R2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.
