Table 1.
Experimental studies, in chronological order, on resin bonded dental zirconia.
| Study | Dental Zirconia | Aging (Y, yes; N, no) | Test Method | Suggested Bonding Treatment | Mean Bond Strength (MPa) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Janda et al., 2003 [62] | Frialit (Degussit) | Y | shear | Flame-treated for 5 s/cm2 (PyrosilPen) + silane | 16 ± 6 |
| Blatz et al., 2004 [63] | Procera AllZirkon (Nobel Biocare) | Y | shear | APA + adhesive with MDP + Panavia F | 16.8 ± 3.7 |
| Piwowarczyk et al., 2005 [64] | Lava (3M-Espe) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) | 19.9 ± 2.6 |
| Derand et al., 2005 [23] | Procera Zirkon (Nobel Biocare) | N | shear | Low fusing porcelain pearls + silane | 18.4 ± 3.6 |
| Atsu et al., 2006 [65] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | shear | APA + silicatization (Cojet) + adhesive with MDP + Panavia F | 22.9 ± 3.1 |
| Lüthy et al., 2006 [66] | Cercon (Dentsply) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + Panavia 21 | 73.8 ± 8.5 |
| Kumbuloglu et al., 2006 [67] | DCS (Dental AG) | Y | shear | APA + Silicatization (Rocatec) + Panavia F | 20.9 ± 4.6 |
| Blatz et al., 2007 [68] | Lava (3M-Espe) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + Panavia F | 16.6 ± 3.2 |
| Wolfart et al., 2007 [69] | Cercon (Dentsply) | Y | tensile | APA + Panavia F | 39.2 |
| Aboushelib et al., 2007 [70] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | microtensile | APA + infiltration etching + Panavia F2.0 | 49.8 ± 2.7 |
| Yang et al., 2008 [71] | Cercon (Dentsply) | Y | tensile | APA + Panavia F2.0 | 29.6 ± 4.8 |
| Aboushelib et al., 2008 [72] | Procera Zirconia (Nobel Biocare) | N | microtensile | infiltration etching + silane primer + Panavia F2.0 | 40.6 ± 5.8 |
| Piascik et al., 2009 [73] | e.max ZirCad (Ivoclar) | N | microtensile | APA + Sílica seed layer + silane + C&B | 23.2 ± 5.4 |
| Cavalcanti et al., 2009 [74] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | microshear | APA + metal primer + BisGMA resin cement | 27.9 ± 4.5 |
| Heikkinen et al., 2009 [75] | Procera Zirconia (Nobel Biocare) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + resin cement | 4.7 ± 2.7 |
| Aboushelib et al., 2009 [76] | Procera Zirconia (Nobel Biocare) | N | microtensile | infiltration etching + silane primer + Panavia F2.0 | 41.0 ± 5.8 |
| Oyagüe et al., 2009 [77] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | microtensile | Silicatization + resin cement with MDP | 15.3 ± 3.3 |
| Kitayama et al., 2010 [78] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | tensile | APA + AZ primer + Resicem | 22.3 ± 4.6 |
| Magne et al., 2010 [79] | Lava (3M-Espe) | N | shear | APA + primer + Duo-Link | 26.6 ± 6.2 |
| Qeblawi et al., 2010 [80] | e.max ZirCad (Ivoclar) | Y | shear | silicatization + silane + Multilink | 30.9 ± 4.6 |
| Jevnikar et al., 2010 [81] | TZ-3YB-E Zirconia (Tosoh) | Y | shear | APA + alumina coating + resin cement | 27.3 ± 3.9 |
| Attia et al., 2011 [82] | e.max ZirCad (Ivoclar) | Y | tensile | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + Multilink | 39.7 ± 7.0 |
| Matinlinna and Lassila, 2011 [83] | Procera All Zircon (Nobel Biocare) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + resin cement | 11.7 ± 2.3 |
| Dias de Souza et al., 2011 [84] | Lava Frame (3M-Espe) | N | microtensile | APA + adhesive with MDP + resin cement | 6.1 ± 5.3 |
| de Castro et al., 2012 [85] | In-Ceram YZ (Vita) | Y | microtensile | Silicatization (Cojet) + silane + resin cement | 13.9 ± 6.0 |
| Lung et al., 2012 [86] | Lava (3M-Espe) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + resin cement | 14.5 ± 2.2 |
| Piascik et al., 2012 [87] | Lava (3M-Espe) | N | shear | Plasma fluorination + resin cement | 37.3 ± 4.6 |
| Chen et al., 2013 [88] | Cercon (Dentsply) | N | shear | APA + primer with MDP + resin cement | 29.0 ± 6.3 |
| Karimipour-Saryazdi et al., 2014 [89] | TZP BIO-HIP (Metoxit AG) | Y | tensile | APA + resin cement | 3.7 ± 1.0 |
| Bavbek et al., 2014 [90] | BruxZir and Prettau-Zirkon | N | microshear | Silicatization (Cojet) + silane + resin cement | 45.9 ± 4.8 |
| da Silva et al., 2014 [91] | Lava Frame (3M-Espe) | N | microshear | Silicatization (Cojet) + silane + resin cement | 37.4 ± 2.3 |
| Oba et al., 2014 [92] | YPS (Kuraray Noritake) | Y | shear | Silane with MDP (Monobond Plus) + resin cement | 7.7 ± 2.9 |
| Pereira et al., 2015 [93] | Lava (3M-Espe) | N | shear | APA + primer with MDP + resin cement | 14.1 ± 6.1 |
| Şanlı et al., 2015 [94] | In-Ceram YZ (Vita) | N | flexural | APA + resin cement | 50.5 ± 1.3 |
| Kim et al., 2015a [95] | KZ-3YF AC (KCM) | N | shear | Zirconia primer + resin cement | 10.8 ± 1.5 |
| Abi-Rached et al., 2015 [96] | Lava (3M-Espe) | N | shear | APA + resin cement | 7.7 ± 1.1 |
| Oliveira-Ogliari et al., 2015 [97] | Zircon-CAD (Angelus) | N | shear | Silica coating + silane + resin cement | 36.7 ± 6.3 |
| Lung et al., 2015 [98] | Upcera (Liaoning) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + resin cement | 12.6 ± 2.2 |
| Sciasci et al., 2015 [99] | Lava (3M-Espe) | N | shear | Silicatization (Rocatec) + silane + resin cement | 14.9 ± 3.0 |
| Qeblawi et al., 2015 [100] | DiaZir (Wieland) | Y | shear | Silicatization (Cojet) + silane + resin cement | 25.6 ± 2.9 |
| Yi et al., 2015 [101] | Lava (3M-Espe) | Y | shear | APA + Z-prime Plus + self-adhesive resin cement | 16.5 ± 2.2 |
| Kim et al., 2015b [102] | Cercon Base (Dentsply) | Y | microshear | Adhesive with MDP + resin cement | 26.9 ± 6.4 |
| Druck et al., 2015 [103] | In-Ceram YZ (Vita) | Y | shear | Silicatization + silane + resin cement | 9.1 ± 4.4 |
APA-Airborne particle abrasion (sandblasting); water storage was not considered as an aging process.