Table 6.

List of GNWs based electrochemical sensing applications.

GNWs based materials	Advantages		Properties and application		Reference
GNWs NSEs	Microcapillary based electrochemical method and lithographic-free electrodeposition method		ET kinetics of GNWs K0 = 0.10 cm·s−1		[100]
GNWs with tunable electron transport	Tunable electron transport		Crossover from a non-Fermin Liquid TLL ground state to a disordered state with VRH layer		[101]
Giant superlattice nanomembrane	Mechanical strong, optical transparent		Thickness 2.5 nm, resistance is 1142 kΩ		[102]
Pressure sensor with GNWs	Low energy consumption High sensitivity >1.14 kPa−1 Fast response time <17 ms High stability >50,000		Pressure force reduce the wire to wire spacing		[103]
Removal the layer of GNPs	Rapid removal using NaBH4 solution in water		Hydride has a higher binding affinity to gold than organothiols		[19]
DNA template GNWs sensor	Circle amplification of single strand DNA		DNA detection of limit LOD is 6.6 × 10−15 M		[104]
Lattice orientation protection in gold nanowires by a zipper	Ag blocks preserving the lattice of gold rings		Zipper mechanism shows ligand loss, lattice alignment and coalescence.		[105]