Table 5.
Risk factors associated with drug-related problems.
| Risk factor | Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rashed et al.21 |
Rashed et al.17 |
Rashed et al.21 |
Rashed et al.17 |
|||||
| OR (CI 95%) | p | OR (CI 95%) | p | OR (CI 95%) | p | OR (CI 95%) | p | |
| Gender | ||||||||
| Female | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – |
| Male | 0.8 (0.5–1.4) | 0.42 | 1.0 (0.7–1.3) | 0.80 | 0.7 (0.4–1.3) | 0.26 | 0.9 (0.6–1.2) | 0.33 |
| Age | ||||||||
| 0–1 month | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – |
| >1 month to ≤2 years | 0.7 (0.3–1.5) | 0.30 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.28 | 1.3 (0.5–3.8) | 0.60 | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.33 |
| >2 to ≤6 years | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) | 0.21 | 1.3 (0.8–2.0) | 0.35 | 1.8 (0.5–6.8) | 0.36 | 1.4 (0.8–2.4) | 0.19 |
| >6 to ≤12 years | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 0.74 | 1.6 (1.0–2.6) | 0.06 | 2.1 (0.5–7.8) | 0.28 | 1.9 (1.1–3.3) | 0.01 |
| >12 to ≤18 years | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 0.82 | 1.4 (0.8–2.5) | 0.24 | 2.5 (0.7–8.7) | 0.16 | 1.5 (0.8–2.8) | 0.20 |
| Diagnoses | ||||||||
| A00–B99 (yes/no) | 3.0 (1.1–7.7) | 0.03 | – | – | 3.2 (1.2–8.9) | 0.02 | – | – |
| D50–D89 (yes/no) | – | – | 2.2 (1.1–4.3) | 0.02 | – | – | 1.6 (0.8–3.4) | 0.20 |
| J00–J99 (yes/no) | – | – | 1.8 (1.0–3.1) | 0.04 | – | – | 1.4 (0.8–2.6) | 0.26 |
| Number of prescription drugs (≥5 versus <5) | 1.9 (1.1–3.4) | 0.02 | 3.0 (2.2–4.2) | <0.001 | 2.2 (1.3–4.0) | 0.006 | 2.4 (1.7–3.4) | <0.001 |
| Admission type | ||||||||
| Emergency | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – | 1.0 (reference) | – |
| Scheduled | 2.0 (1.1–3.7) | 0.02 | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.40 | 2.0 (0.9–4.1) | 0.07 | 2.6 (1.7–4.1) | <0.001 |
| Transferred | 1.8 (0.8–3.9) | 0.14 | 2.1 (1.5–2.9) | <0.001 | 1.5 (0.6–3.4) | 0.38 | 4.2 (2.9–6.1) | <0.001 |
CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; p, significance level.