Table 3.
Characteristics of the pyrolysis solids obtained at different heating rates (750 °C).
| (Weight %) | Olives | Eucalyptus | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20 °C·min−1 | 15 °C·min−1 | 3 °C·min−1 | 20 °C·min−1 | 3 °C·min−1 | ||
| Solid yields | 21.3 | 24.6 | 26.1 | 22.9 | 26.0 | |
| Proximate analysis (ap) a | Moisture | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
| Volatile matter | 10.0 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 8.6 | 8.0 | |
| Ash | 9.2 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 6.2 | 5.3 | |
| Fixed Carbon b | 79.1 | 78.1 | 78.5 | 83.8 | 85.3 | |
| Ultimate analysis (daf) c | C | 94.5 | 92.9 | 94.6 | 90.1 | 96.2 |
| H | 0.9 | 1.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.9 | |
| N | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.9 | |
| Others (mainly O) b | 3.4 | 4.6 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 2.0 | |
| HHV (ap) a (MJ kg−1) | 28.8 | 27.5 | 29.5 | 31.0 | 31.6 | |
a ap: as produced basis; b By difference; c daf: dry and ash free basis.