. 2016 Sep 29;9(10):807. doi: 10.3390/ma9100807

Table 2.

Summary of MFC cathode electrode studies.

No.	S/D	Cathode		Membranes	Inoculation	Anode		External Resistor/Ω	OCV/mV	Power Density/mW·m⁻²	Ref.
No.	S/D	Electrode	Modification	Membranes	Inoculation	Electrode	Volume/mL	External Resistor/Ω	OCV/mV	Power Density/mW·m⁻²	Ref.
1	D	Carbon paper	NG	Nafion 117	Activated sludge	Carbon cloth	100	1000	650	776 ± 12	[50]
2	D	Glassy carbon	Fe- and N-functionalized graphene	Nafion 117	Previous reactor	Carbon felt	~30	1000	570	885	[76]
3	S	Carbon paper	MnO₂-NTs/graphene	Nafion 117	Previous reactor	Carbon cloth	60	1000	613	4.68 W·m⁻³	[113]
4	S	Carbon cloth	Pt-Co/G	NO	Previous reactor	Carbon cloth	27	1000	710	1378	[135]
5	D	Carbon cloth	Graphene/biofilm	Nafion 117	Anaerobic activated sludge	Carbon cloth	10	1000	390	323.2 ± 21	[60]
6	D	Carbon cloth	NG	NO	Previous reactor	Carbon fiber brush	20	1000	555	1350 ± 15	[71]
7	S	Stainless steel net	NG	-	Anaerobic sludge	Carbon brush	200	1500	243	1159.34	[79]
8	S	Carbon Paper	Fe-NG	CEM	Anaerobic activated sludge	Carbon felt	40	500	242	1149.8	[119]
9	S	Stainless steel net	MnO₂/GNS	-	Anaerobic sludge	Carbon felt	200	1500	771	2083	[53]
10	S	Carbon cloth	α-MnO₂/GO	Nafion 117	Sewage sludge	Carbon cloth	25	-	710	3359	[49]
11	S	Stainless steel mesh	Cobalt sulfides/GO	NO	Previous reactor	Graphite fiber	28	1000	620	1156 ± 18	[140]
12	D	Carbon cloth	NG/CoNi-alloy	CEM	-	Carbon brush	140	1000	~700	2000	[141]
13	S	PANI	Graphene	NO	Residual sludge	Graphite	1800	500	640	99	[51]
14	D	Carbon cloth	rGO particles	Ultex CMI 7000	Anaerobic sludge	Carbon brush	120	1000	650	3.3 W·m⁻³	[52]
15	D	Carbon paper	Graphene with Iron tetrasulfophthalocyanine.	Nafion 112	Escherichia coli	Carbon paper	115	-	-	817	[45]
16	S	Carbon cloth	Graphene/Pt	NO	Escherichia coli	Carbon cloth	75	1000	~260	0.159	[18]
17	D	Carbon cloth	NG	-	-	Carbon fiber brush	120	-	840	4.06 W·m⁻³	[142]
18	D	Graphene-Au-laccase hybrid		PFSA NRE-211	Trametes versicolor	Graphene-Au	-	-	1160	1.96 mW·cm⁻²	[6]
19	S	Carbon paper	Graphene/PANI	-	-	-	-	-	593	17.95	[143]
20	D	Graphite rods	Prussian blue/graphene	Nafion 117	Previous reactor	Graphite rods	80	1000	530	15.63 W·m⁻³	[144]

In the second column, “S” is for the single-air cathode MFC and “D” is for the dual-chamber MFC including the “H style” MFC. “-” means that it is not mentioned in the research. In the fourth column, “NO” represents membrane-free, and CEM represents cation exchange membrane.