Table 3.
Plant-Based Antimicrobial Agents | Chemical Structure | Antimicrobial Spectrum |
---|---|---|
Alkaloids | ||
Terpenoids [74,75] |
- Staphylococcus aureus - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Vibrio cholera |
|
Lectins and Polypeptides [68,76] |
- Staphylococcus aureus - Bacillus subtilis - Escherichia coli - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Candida albicans |
|
Phenolics and polyphenols | ||
Flavonoids [77,78,79] |
- Klebsiella pneumonia - Salmonella enterica - Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Staphylococcus aureus - Escherichia coli - Acinetobacter baumannii |
|
Quinones [80,81] |
- Staphylococcus aureus - Bacillus subtilis - Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
Tannins [82,83] |
- Bacillus cereus - Listeria monocytogenes - Staphylococcus aureus - Salmonella enterica |
|
Coumarins [66,67,84] |
- Listeria monocytogenes - Staphylococcus aureus - Escherichia coli - Vibrio parahaemolyticus |