Figure 9.

(A–P) UV light-promoted peri-implant bone generation at Weeks 2 and 4 of healing time. Representative histological images of the zirconia-based smooth and roughened implants with toluidine blue and Pararosanilin stain in an original magnification of 10× (A–P) and 40× (a–p). UV-treated implants are associated with a higher amount of bone-implant contact than non-treated implants. UV-treated implants at Week 2 (b,f,j,n) are associated with more vigorous bone formation with less interposition of soft tissue between the bone and the implant surface (arrowheads (b,f,j,n)); in contrast, the bone around untreated implants appears to be fragmentary (a,e,i,m) and involves more soft tissue (arrows (a,e,i,m)), interfering with the establishment of the direct bone implant contact; at Week 4, extensive bone spread can be observed along the implant surface without soft tissue interposition (arrowheads (d,h,l,p)) around UV-treated implants, whereas the bone around untreated implants is largely kept apart from the implant surface by soft tissue (arrows (c,g,k,o)).