Table 2.
XPS result, surface roughness, water contact angle of TFC and TFN-MIL-101 (Cr)-O membranes.
| MIL-101 (Cr) (w/v %) | Cr (%) 1 | C (%) 1 | O (%) 1 | N (%) 1 | C/N (-) | O/N (-) | Rq (nm) 2 | θ (°) 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 76.72 | 13.82 | 9.46 | 8.11 | 1.46 | 47 ± 3 | 62 ± 2 |
| 0.025 | 0.04 | 76.69 | 13.93 | 9.34 | 8.21 | 1.49 | 56 ± 4 | 55 ± 2 |
| 0.05 | 0.04 | 76.39 | 14.25 | 9.32 | 8.19 | 1.53 | 58 ± 3 | 52 ± 2 |
| 0.075 | 0.07 | 76.65 | 14.11 | 9.17 | 8.36 | 1.54 | 64 ± 5 | 48 ± 3 |
| 0.1 | 0.08 | 76.39 | 14.62 | 8.91 | 8.57 | 1.64 | 72 ± 3 | 46 ± 2 |
1 Cr, C, O, N element atomic concentration obtained directly from XPS; 2 Root-mean-square surface roughness obtained from AFM, error bars based on at least three measurements; 3 Apparent water contact angle, error bars based on at least three measurements.