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. 2017 May 17;4(2):87–96. doi: 10.1007/s40801-017-0107-8

Table 3.

Case–control study results for the joint effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) with each of the four psychoactive (PA) medicine groups

SSRI use PA use PA medicine group
Opioid Antiepileptic drug Antipsychotic Benzodiazepine
Cases Controls Adjusted Cases Controls Adjusted Cases Controls Adjusted Cases Controls Adjusted
N = 8828 N = 35,310 OR (95% CI) N = 8828 N = 35,310 OR (95% CI) N = 8828 N = 35,310 OR (95% CI) N = 8828 N = 35,310 OR (95% CI)
New New 5 5 4.0 (1.1, 14) 2 2 3.1 (0.4, 22)a 4 6 2.5 (0.7, 9.1)a 8 7 4.7 (1.7, 13)
(Initiate SSRI and PA) (0.1%) (0.01%) (0.02%) (0.01%) (0.05%) (0.02%) (0.1%) (0.02%)
New Cont. 14 13 3.5 (1.6, 7.6) 3 3 3.9 (0.8, 20)a 5 12 1.5 (0.5, 4.2)a 16 29 1.8 (0.9, 3.3)
(Add SSRI to PA) (0.2%) (0.04%) (0.03%) (0.01%) (0.1%) (0.03%) (0.2%) (0.1%)
Cont. New 23 29 3.2 (1.8, 5.5) 19 27 2.4 (1.3, 4.3) 24 40 2.3 (1.4, 3.9) 35 42 3.0 (1.9, 4.8)
(Add PA to SSRI) (0.3%) (0.1%) (0.2%) (0.1%) (0.3%) (0.1%) (0.4%) (0.1%)
Cont. Cont. 238 407 2.2 (1.9, 2.6) 74 199 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) 119 340 1.4 (1.2, 1.8) 283 592 1.8 (1.5, 2.1)
(Cont. SSRI and PA) (2.7%) (1.2%) (0.8%) (0.6%) (1.3%) (1.0%) (3.2%) (1.7%)
New No 79 104 2.8 (2.1, 3.8) 93 117 2.7 (2.1, 3.6) 89 104 3.0 (2.3, 4.0) 74 86 3.2 (2.3, 4.4)
(Initiate SSRI only) (1.3%) (0.9%) (1.1%) (0.3%) (1.0%) (0.3%) (0.8%) (0.2%)
No New 112 176 2.5 (2.0, 3.2) 81 188 1.4 (1.1, 1.9) 83 223 1.3 (1.0, 1.7) 108 311 1.3 (1.0, 1.6)
(Initiate PA only) (0.9%) (1.3%) (0.9%) (0.5%) (0.9%) (0.6%) (1.2%) (0.9%)
Cont. No 971 2162 1.8 (1.7, 2.0) 1139 2372 1.8 (1.7, 2.0) 1089 2218 1.9 (1.8, 2.1) 914 1964 1.9 (1.7, 2.0)
(Cont. SSRI only) (9.2%) (11%) (13%) (6.7%) (12%) (6.3%) (10%) (5.6%)
No Cont. 812 2213 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) 327 986 1.1 (0.99, 1.3) 484 1247 1.5 (1.3, 1.7) 1090 3108 1.3 (1.2, 1.4)
(Cont. PA only) (9.2%) (6.3%) (3.7%) (2.8%) (5.5%) (3.5%) (12%) (8.8%)
No No 6574 30,201 1.00 (reference) 7090 31,416 1.00 (reference) 6931 31,120 1.00 (reference) 6300 29,171 1.00 (reference)
(No SSRI or PA) (74%) (86%) (80%) (89%) (79%) (88%) (71%) (83%)

CI confidence interval, Cont. continuous, OR odds ratio, PAs psychoactives, SSRIs selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

aPower <80% found a posteriori