Figure 1.

Cytokine levels associated with CP. Cytokine levels in plasma, CP tissue or cells and their supernatants were measured using Millipore bead arrays. (A) Comparison of plasma cytokine levels in CP patients collected before operation and demographically matched healthy controls. (B) Expression in CP tissues. (C) Expression in primary cultured CP cells. (D) Expression in supernatants of primary cultured CP cells. Note particularly high levels of expression of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in all samples. *P < 0.05 vs. healthy control group; **P < 0.01 vs. healthy control group.