Table 2.
Unadjusted associations between childhood dysregulated behaviour, environmental risk factors, and subsequent BPD
| Risk factor | BPD outcome |
|---|---|
| Odds ratio(95% Confidence intervals) | |
| Family adversity during pregnancy | 1.24 (1.17, 1.31) |
| Maternal hitting | 1.41 (1.21, 1.65) |
| Maternal punishment | 1.23 (1.11, 1.36) |
| Maternal hostility | (no items reported) |
| One item | 1.72 (1.29, 2.29) |
| Two items | 1.80 (1.33, 2.45) |
| Three items | 2.22 (1.59, 3.11) |
| Child reported bully victimisation at 8 years | 1.14 (1.12, 1.17) |
| Mother reported bully victimisation at 9 years | (no bullying reported) |
| Somewhat true | 2.43 (1.90, 3.09) |
| Certainly true | 4.67 (2.99, 7.29) |
| Child reported bully victimisation at 10 years | 1.24 (1.21, 1.27) |
| Dysregulated behaviour at 4 years | 1.08 (1.05, 1.11) |
| Dysregulated behaviour at 7 years | 1.09 (1.06, 1.11) |
| Dysregulated behaviour at 8 years | 1.09 (1.06, 1.12) |
Boldface indicates a significant association