Table 2.
Association between HIPK2 expression and tonsil cancer patient characteristics.
| Variable | Total | HIPK2 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Negative | |||
| N = 79 (%) | n = 45 (%) | n = 34 (%) | ||
| Gender | 0.406 | |||
| Male | 68 (86.1) | 40 (88.9) | 28 (82.4) | |
| Female | 11 (13.9) | 5 (11.1) | 6 (17.6) | |
| Age (y) | 0.079 | |||
| ≤60 | 56 (70.9) | 28 (62.2) | 28 (82.4) | |
| >60 | 23 (29.1) | 17 (37.8) | 6 (17.6) | |
| Smoking (pack-years) | 0.960 | |||
| <20 | 23 (29.1) | 13 (28.9) | 10 (29.4) | |
| ≥20 | 56 (70.9) | 32 (71.1) | 24 (70.6) | |
| Alcohol (drinks/week) | 0.002∗ | |||
| <14 | 32 (40.5) | 25 (55.6) | 7 (20.6) | |
| ≥14 | 47 (59.5) | 20 (44.4) | 27 (79.4) | |
| T classification | 0.570 | |||
| pT1-pT2 | 47 (59.5) | 28 (62.2) | 19 (55.9) | |
| pT3-pT4 | 32 (40.5) | 17 (37.8) | 15 (44.1) | |
| AJCC stage | 0.861 | |||
| I-II | 11 (13.9) | 6 (13.3) | 5 (14.7) | |
| III-IV | 68 (86.1) | 39 (86.7) | 29 (85.3) | |
| Depth of invasion | 0.105 | |||
| <2 cm | 61 (77.2) | 38 (84.4) | 23 (67.6) | |
| ≥2 cm | 18 (22.8) | 7 (15.6) | 11 (32.4) | |
| Tumor differentiation | 0.043∗ | |||
| W/M | 53 (67.1) | 26 (57.8) | 27 (79.4) | |
| Poorly | 26 (32.9) | 19 (42.2) | 7 (20.6) | |
| Tumor-stromal border | 0.495 | |||
| Pushing | 42 (53.2) | 22 (48.9) | 20 (58.8) | |
| Infiltrative | 37 (46.8) | 23 (51.1) | 14 (41.2) | |
| Lymphatic invasion | 0.095 | |||
| Present | 63 (79.7) | 39 (86.7) | 24 (70.6) | |
| Absent | 16 (20.3) | 6 (13.3) | 10 (29.4) | |
| ILN status | 0.375 | |||
| Metastasis | 66 (83.5) | 36 (80.0) | 30 (88.2) | |
| No metastasis | 13 (16.5) | 9 (20.0) | 4 (11.8) | |
| CLN status | 0.254 | |||
| Metastasis | 14 (17.7) | 6 (13.3) | 8 (23.5) | |
| No metastasis | 65 (82.3) | 39 (86.7) | 26 (76.5) | |
| HPV status | 1.000 | |||
| Positive | 28 (35.4) | 16 (35.6) | 12 (35.3) | |
| Negative | 51 (64.6) | 29 (64.4) | 22 (64.7) | |
| p53 | 0.133 | |||
| Positive | 21 (26.6) | 15 (33.3) | 6 (17.6) | |
| Negative | 58 (73.4) | 30 (66.7) | 28 (82.4) | |
AJCC: American Joint Committee on Cancer; W: well differentiated; M: moderately differentiated; ILN: ipsilateral cervical lymph node; CLN: contralateral cervical lymph node metastasis; HPV: human papillomavirus. ∗Statistically significant, P value < 0.05.