Table 2. Health and Self-Management Outcomes Among Students Enrolled in Teaming Up for Asthma Control, Missouri, 2011–2014.
| Outcomes | Overall |
Paired t-Test |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-TUAC |
Post-TUAC |
Pre-TUAC, Mean (SD) | Post-TUAC, Mean (SD) | n | Difference (95% CI) | P | |||||
| N | Mean Value (95% CI) | SD | N | Mean Value (95% CI) | SD | ||||||
| Lung function, FEV1% predicteda | 175 | 78.9 (78.8–79.0) | 0.453 | 175 | 88.6 (88.5–88.7) | 0.457 | 82.9 (0.221) | 92.1 (0.203) | 172 | 9.2 (5.9 to 12.5) | <.001 |
| Function impaired, FI scoreb | 177 | 8.1 (7.1–9.2) | 7.296 | 175 | 6.0 (5.0–6.9) | 6.365 | 8.1 (7.281) | 6.0 (6.379) | 174 | −2.1 (−3.0 to −1.2 ) | <.001 |
| Medication, no. of ICS weekly dosesc | 138 | 6.5 (5.6–7.5) | 5.586 | 138 | 8.2 (7.3–9.1) | 5.429 | 6.5 (5.586) | 8.2 (5.429) | 138 | 1.7 (0.8 to 2.6) | <.001 |
| Medication inhalation time minus target time, seconds | |||||||||||
| Inhalation timed | 172 | 1.4 (1.2–1.5) | 1.031 | 170 | 0.8 (0.6–0.9) | 0.871 | — | — | — | — | — |
| Metered dose inhaler (ICS) | 99 | 1.4 (1.2–1.6) | 1.038 | 93 | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 0.808 | 1.4 (1.050) | 0.9 (0.805) | 92 | −0.5 (−0.8 to −0.3) | <.001 |
| Dry powder inhaler (ICS) | 21 | 1.0 (0.4–1.5) | 1.161 | 20 | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 0.733 | 1.0 (1.170) | 1.3 (0.733) | 20 | 0.3 (−0.3 to 1.0) | .36 |
| Environment, tobacco smoke exposuree | 178 | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | 1.345 | 177 | 1.0 (0.9–1.2) | 1.191 | 1.5 (1.349) | 1.0 (1.191) | 177 | −0.5 (−0.6 to −0.3) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: —, not applicable (stratified by inhaler type, metered dose inhaler or dry powder inhaler [DPI]); CI, confidence interval; EPR-3, Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FI, functional impairment; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LPM, liters per minute; SD, standard deviation; TUAC, Teaming Up for Asthma Control.
FEV1% predicted is defined as FEV1% of the student divided by the average FEV1% in the population for any person of similar age, sex, race, and height.
FI score is a composite weighted score of activity limitations (playing, running, vigorous exercise, or walking) and sleep disruption over the past 2 weeks, ranging from 0 to 40.
ICS weekly doses based on twice daily use for the past 2 weeks by students taking an ICS at the initial visit or who began doing so during the intervention.
Inhalation time in seconds minus target time: difference between inhalation time and target time. Target time was calculated by using each students’ best FEV1 and EPR-3–recommended inspiratory flow rates for MDIs and DPIs. MDI target time: FEV1 (in liters) × 2 seconds (breathing in at 30 LPM, it takes 2 seconds to get a liter of air into the lungs). DPI target time: FEV1 (in liters) in seconds (breathing in at 60 LPM, it takes 1 second to get a liter of air into the lungs).
Tobacco smoke exposure for the past 2 weeks based on the question, “How often do people smoke around you?” Scores ranged from 0 to 4.