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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nutrition. 2016 Feb 13;32(7-8):777–783. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.01.021

Table 2.

Participant responses on the Gluten-free Diet Knowledge Scale, comparing those with self-reported strict adherence to those who acknowledge some gluten exposure

Food allowed Food to question Food NOT allowed Strict GFD n=45 Gluten exposure n=37

% correct 95% CI % correct 95% CI
Foods allowed
 Milk 96% 3% 1% 96 89–100 95 87–100
 Chickpea flour 95% 4% 1% 96 89–100 95 87–100
 Balsamic vinegar 73% 21% 6% 73 60–87 73 58–88
 Buckwheat 70% 17% 13% 73 60–87 65 49–81
 Glutinous rice 68% 14% 18% 70 56–83 66 50–82
 Cocoa 67% 32% 1% 74 61–87 58 41–74
 Modified corn starch 60% 35% 5% 60 45–75 59 43–76
Foods to question
 Flavored yogurt 13% 83% 4% 87 76–97 78 64–92
 Sausages 0% 82% 18% 80 68–92 84 71–96
 Soy sauce 2% 76% 22% 80 68–92 70 55–86
 Oatmeal 8% 61% 31% 62 47–77 59 43–76
 Rice crisp cereal 11% 59% 30% 62 47–77 54 37–71
 Imitation seafood 4% 51% 44% 51 36–66 51 34–68
 Croutons 0% 7% 93% 7 0–14 8 0–17
Foods not allowed
 Malt vinegar 5% 17% 78% 80 68–92 76 61–90
 Spelt 16% 11% 73% 76 63–89 65 49–81
 Egg noodles 5% 24% 71% 64 50–79 78 64–92

Bolded percentages indicate percent with correct response